Amaprotheni

-Delile

• Yimuphi umsebenzi abawufezayo?
• Izici
• Ukuhlukaniswa
• Ukubaluleka kokudla
• Izibonelo zamaprotheni
• Ukudla okuphezulu kwamaprotheni

Ngegama le- amaprotheni Ama-molecule akhiwe ngama-amino acid ayaziwa, axhunyaniswa nohlobo lwebhondi eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-peptide bond. Amaprotheni akha cishe uhhafu wesisindo esomile sezicubu (no-20% wesisindo somzimba womuntu), futhi ayikho inqubo yezinto eziphilayo engazifaki.

Ukwakheka kwala ma-molecule ngu ikhabhoni, i-hydrogen, i-oxygen ne-nitrogen. Ukuhleleka nokuhlelwa kwama-amino acid ngaphakathi kweprotheni kuncike kukhodi yofuzo yomuntu, okungukuthi, i-DNA.

Yimuphi umsebenzi abawufezayo?

Amaprotheni anomsebenzi obalulekile ekukhuleni, futhi ikakhulukazi akhuthazwa okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen engekho kwamanye ama-molecule afakwa ngokudla: ama-carbohydrate kanye ne- amafutha.

Ngokungafani nalaba ababili, i- amaprotheni Azinawo umsebenzi wokugcina amandla, kepha zineqhaza elibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni nasekulondolozeni ezinye izicubu noma izingxenye zomzimba ezinjengeziphuzo zesisu, i-hemoglobin, amavithamini ama-enzyme. Ngokufanayo, bayasiza thwala amagesi ahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwegazi, futhi isebenza njengezidambisi ezishaqisayo.

Phakathi kwe- amaprotheni imisebenzi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele banikeze ama-amino acid abalulekile wokuhlanganiswa kwezicubu, futhi basebenze njenge izakhi zezinto eziphilayo ukusheshisa ijubane le ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ye-metabolism. Ekugcineni, kungashiwo ukuthi amaprotheni asebenza ngendlela yokuzivikela, ngoba amasosha omzimba angamaprotheni okuvikela wemvelo ekulweni nezifo noma izinto zangaphandle.

Bhekafuthi: Yiziphi izinto zokulandela umkhondo?

Izici

Mayelana nezakhiwo zamaprotheni, kungashiwo ukuthi i- ukuzinza Ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba amaprotheni kufanele azinze endaweni agcinwe kuyo noma lapho athuthukisa khona umsebenzi wawo, ngendlela yokuthi anwebe impilo yakhe isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka ukugwema ukukhiqizwa kwezingqinamba emzimbeni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaprotheni ane- izinga lokushisa kanye ne-pH okufanele igcinwe ukuqinisekisa lokho kuzinza, ngakho-ke kuthiwa impahla yesibili eyisisekelo yileyo ye- ukuncibilika.

Ezinye izakhiwo ezincane njenge imininingwane, i-pH buffer igagasi umthamo kagesi zifana futhi nalesi sigaba sama-molecule.

Ukuhlukaniswa

Ukwahlukaniswa okujwayelekile kakhulu kwamaprotheni kwenziwa ngokwakhiwa kwawo kwamakhemikhali, phakathi kwe- amaprotheni alula lokho kukhiqiza kuphela ama-amino acid lapho i-hydrolyzed; i ama-albhamu futhi globulins ukuthi ziyancibilika emanzini futhi zixazulule izixazululo; i ama-glutelins futhi ama-prolanins ezincibilikayo ama-asidi; i ama-albhamuinoids ezingenakunyibilika emanzini; i amaprotheni ahlanganisiwe equkethe izingxenye ezingezona ezamaphrotheni futhi amaprotheniokuphuma kokunye okuwumkhiqizo we-hydrolysis.

Ukubaluleka kokudla

Umthombo oyinhloko wamaprotheni emzimbeni wukudla. Ukubaluleka kokufaka amaprotheni ekudleni kugcizelela ngokukhethekile ezinganeni ezisenkathini yokukhula kanye nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe, abadinga ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli amasha.

Lapho abantu bondla izithelo imifino noma inyama Imvamisa zifaka inani elikhulu lamaprotheni ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukugaywa kwamaprotheni, okuqukethe ukubola komkhiqizo uze uguqulwe ube ama-amino acid alula, bese uzihlanganisa zibe amaprotheni omzimba, enqubeni eyaziwa ngokuthi amaprotheni synthesis. Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho efakwa khona emzimbeni.

Izibonelo zamaprotheni

Bhekafuthi: Izibonelo zama-Enzyme wokugaya ukudla

Ukudla okuphezulu kwamaprotheni

Ingakusebenzela:

• Izibonelo zama-carbohydrate
• Izibonelo ze-Lipids (Amafutha)
• Izibonelo zeTrace Elements (nomsebenzi wazo)