-Delile
A ijeli yisimo sendaba phakathi okuqinile futhi ketshezi. Kuyinto ye-colloidal (ingxube). Lokho wukuthi, kuyi- ingxube esakhiwa izigaba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu (isigaba sethemu sichazwe ngezansi). Kakhulu ubukhulu bayo buyakhuphuka uma buhlangana namanzi.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-gel, ngaphakathi kwawo anokusebenzisa kakhulu kwezokwelapha, (ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwesikhumba). Kodwa-ke, ama-gel asetshenziselwa imikhiqizo enamakha, ukudla, upende nezinto zokunamathisela.
Inqubo okwakhiwa ngayo ijeli ibizwa ngokuthi i-gelation.
Izigaba zama-gel
Ama-gel anezigaba ezimbili; a isigaba esiqhubekayo okujwayelekile okuqinile futhi eyodwa isigaba esihlakazekile okuyinto ikakhulukazi ketshezi. Yize lesi sigaba sesibili singamanzi, ijeli inokuqina okungaguquguquki kokuqinile kunoketshezi.
Isibonelo sejeli ejwayelekile kakhulu ijeli. Lapho, singabona ifayili le- isigaba esiqhubekayo (i-gelatin kuma-granules noma i-powder) futhi isigaba esihlakazekile (i-gelatin exutshwe namanzi).
I- isigaba esiqhubekayo inikeza ukungaguquguquki kujel ekuvimbeleni ukuthi igeleze ngokukhululeka, ngenkathi i- isigaba esihlakazekile kuyivimbela ekubeni yisisindo esihlangene.
Izici zama-gel
Amanye ama-gel anesici sokudlula kusuka kwesinye isimo se-colloidal aye kwesinye ngokunyakazisa nje. Lesi sici sibizwa thixotropy. Izibonelo zalokhu ngopende, i-alkaline ne-latex. Amanye ama-gel thixotropic yile: utamatisi isosi, ubumba nama yogurts.
Ukuvumelana kwama-gels kuzohluka phakathi uketshezi oluqinile lwe-viscous futhi uketshezi ngokuqina okuphezulu. Lokhu kuzoncika ezingxenyeni zejel. Ngakho-ke kungashiwo ukuthi ama-gel aletha izinga elithile le- ukungazinzi.
Kodwa-ke, njengesici esijwayelekile, ama-gel asesilinganisweni nokunwebeka.
Uhlobo lwama-gel
Ngokuya ngokuvumelana kwama-gel, lawa angahlukaniswa abe:
- Ama-Hydrogels. Banokuvumelana okungamanzi. Basebenzisa, njengendlela yokuhlakazeka, amanzi. Ama-gel amaningi atholakala lapha.
- Ama-Organogels. Zifana nama-hydrogel kepha zisebenzisa i-solvent yemvelaphi ephilayo. Isibonelo salokhu yi- crystallization we-wax emafutheni.
- Ama-Xerogeles. Bangama-gels anokubukeka okuqinile njengoba bengenayo i-solvent.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-gel
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kusabalele kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha, izimonyo, amakhemikhali, njll. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimonyweni, ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izinwele.
Kwezokwelapha zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa emgodini wezindlebe noma emakhaleni kwazise yomibili imisele kunzima ukuyifinyelela futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi eqinile kungaba nzima ekuhlanzweni kwabo okulandelayo.
Izibonelo zama-gel
- Ubumba
- Izintambo ze-fiber ezibonakalayo. Kulezi zimo kutholakala okususelwa kuphethiloli. Le jeli ivumela imicu ukuthi ihlale iguquguqukayo.
- I-Custard
- Ijeli lokugeza
- Ijeli yezinwele
- Ijeli yokunciphisa
- I-gelatin ejwayelekile
- Ijeli
- Uketshezi lwe-mucous (amafinyila noma amafinyila). Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kugcina umswakama wesikhala samakhala, ipharynx, i-bronchi kanye nesistimu yokuphefumula ngokujwayelekile.
- Ibhotela eliphuzi
- Imayonnaise
- Ukuminyana kwezithelo (engeza ama-pectins ukukhulisa ukuvumelana)
- Ushizi othambile
- I-Ketchup
- Ingilazi
- I-yogurt
Ingakusebenzela:
- Izibonelo Zokuqina, Uketshezi NeGaseous
- Izibonelo zePlasma State
- Izibonelo zama-Colloids
