Izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ne-Software

-Delile

• Izibonelo zehadiwe
• Izibonelo zesoftware
• Ingakusiza

Ekusebenziseni ikhompyutha, imigomo i-hardware ne-software zibhekisa ezicini ezahlukahlukene zazo zonke izinhlelo zamakhompiyutha: izici zomzimba nezedijithali ngokulandelana, umzimba nomphefumulo wayo yonke ikhompyutha.

I-hardware Kuyisethi yezingxenye zomzimba ezakha umzimba wohlelo lwekhompiyutha: amapuleti, amasekethe, izindlela kanye namadivayisi kagesi, kanye nokusebenza, ukusekelwa nokuxhumeka.

Eqinisweni, i-hardware ingahlukaniswa futhi i-odwe ngokuya ngomsebenzi wayo enqubeni yohlelo lonke:

• Icubungula i-hardware. Inhliziyo yohlelo ingena, ibala futhi ixazulule imisebenzi edingekayo ekusebenzeni kwayo.
• Izitoreji zehadiwe. Isebenza ngokuqukethe imininingwane nedatha yohlelo. Kungaba okuyisisekelo (kwangaphakathi) noma kwesibili (okususwayo).
• I-Peripheral hardware. Kuyisethi yokunamathiselwe nezinye izinsimbi ezingafakwa ohlelweni ukuyinikeza ngemisebenzi emisha.
• Okokufaka kwehadiwe. Ivumela idatha ukuthi ifakwe ohlelweni ngumsebenzisi noma i-opharetha, noma kumanethiwekhi wokuxhumana ngocingo nezinhlelo.
• Lokukhipha hardware. Ivumela ukukhipha imininingwane ohlelweni noma ukuyithumela kumanethiwekhi wokuxhumana ngocingo.
• Izingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha ezihlanganisiwe. Ifeza imisebenzi yokufaka kanye nokukhipha ngasikhathi sinye.

I- isoftware Okuqukethwe okungaphatheki kohlelo: isethi yezinhlelo, imiyalelo nezilimi ezenza imisebenzi futhi zisebenze njengesixhumi esibonakalayo nomsebenzisi. Ngokulandelayo, isoftware ingahlukaniswa ngokomsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ku:

• Uhlelo noma isoftware eyisisekelo (OS). Banomsebenzi wokulawula ukusebenza kohlelo nokuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kwalo. Imvamisa zifakwa ohlelweni ngaphambi kokuthi umsebenzisi afinyelele kulo. Isb Windows 10.
• isoftware yohlelo lokusebenza. Zonke lezo zinhlelo ezingeziwe ezingafakwa kukhompyutha lapho uhlelo lokusebenza selufakiwe futhi oluvumela ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, kusuka kuma-processor yamagama kuya kuziphequluli ze-Intanethi noma amathuluzi wokuklama noma imidlalo yevidiyo. Isib. I-Chrome, Paint.

Sekukonke, hardware futhi isoftware ahlanganisa konke uhlelo lwekhompyutha.

Ingakusebenzela: Izibonelo Zamahhala Zesoftware

Izibonelo zehadiwe

1. Abaqaphinoma izikrini, lapho imininingwane nezinqubo zikhonjiswa khona umsebenzisi. Imvamisa zibhekwa njengehardware yokukhipha, noma kukhona ama-touch monitors avumela ukufakwa kwedatha futhi (kuxubile).
2. Ikhibhodi negundane, izindlela zakudala zokufaka noma zokufakwa kwedatha ngumsebenzisi, owokuqala ngokusebenzisa izinkinobho (okhiye) nowesibili ngokuhamba ikakhulu.
3. Amakhamera wevidiyo. Futhi izingcingo ewebNjengoba baduma ngokufika kwe-Intanethi nengqungquthela yevidiyo, bayindlela ejwayelekile yokufaka isithombe nomsindo.
4. Iprosesa. Umnyombo we-CPU (Iyunithi Yokucubungula Ephakathi), yi-chip ekwaziyo ukwenza izinkulungwane zokubala ngomzuzwana futhi enikeza amandla aphakathi kokucutshungulwa kolwazi ohlelweni lwekhompyutha.
5. Ikhadi lenethiwekhi. Isethi yamasekethe kagesi ahlanganiswe kubhodi yomama ye-CPU futhi enikeza ikhompyutha ithuba lokuxhumana namanethiwekhi ahlukene wedatha kude.
6. Amamojula Wememori ye-RAM. Amasekethe ahlanganisa phakathi kohlelo amamojula wokukhumbula okungahleliwe (RAM lapho kuzokwenziwa khona izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo.
7. Amaphrinta. Imikhawulo ejwayelekile kakhulu ebhala imininingwane yedijithali ephethwe uhlelo (okukhiphayo) ephepheni. Kunamamodeli nezitayela ezahlukahlukene, ezinye zazo ezivumela nokufakwa kwedatha kusuka kuskena (okuxubile).
8. Izikena. Okokufaka kokufaka, okwenza okuqukethwe okufakwe ekhompyutheni kusetshenziswe kahle kakhulu nge-photocopier noma ama-fax asengasebenzi, futhi kuvumela ukuthi kukhiqizwe ngokwamanani ukuze kuthunyelwe, kugcinwe noma kuhlelwe.
9. Imodemu. Ingxenye yezokuxhumana, evame ukuhlanganiswa kukhompyutha, enesibopho sokuphatha imigomo yokudlulisa idatha (okukhiphayo) yokuxhuma kumanethiwekhi ekhompyutha.
10. Ukushayela kanzima. I-hardware yokugcina ngekhwalithi ephezulu, iqukethe imininingwane eyisisekelo yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhompyutha futhi ivumela nemininingwane efakwe ngumsebenzisi ukuthi ifakwe kungobo yomlando. Ayisuseki futhi ingaphakathi kwe-CPU.
11. Isifundi seCD / DVD. Indlela yokufunda (futhi imvamisa ukubhala, okungukuthi, okuxubile) kwama-disc asusekayo ngefomethi yeCD noma ye-DVD (noma yomibili). Isetshenziselwa ukukhipha nokugcina imininingwane kusuka kwabezindaba, ngokukhishwa nokudluliswa kwayo ngokomzimba, noma ukuyifaka kabusha ohlelweni kusuka kumatrices okuqala.
12. Abakhokhisi. I-peripheral yokudlulisa imininingwane esebenzayo kunazo zonke etholakalayo kuze kube yimanje, ikuvumela ukuthi ufake ngokushesha futhi ukhiphe idatha kusuka ohlelweni iye emzimbeni wayo wokugcina inkumbulo futhi uyiphathe ephaketheni. Ixhuma ngamachweba e-USB futhi imvamisa iyashesha, ilula futhi iyaqondisisa.
13. Ibhethri kagesi. Yize kungahle kungabonakali kunje, umthombo wamandla uyisesekeli esibalulekile sohlelo, ikakhulukazi kumakhompiyutha noma kumadivayisi edijithali aphathekayo, kepha futhi nakwideskithophu noma okulungisiwe, ngoba kuvumela ukugcina imikhakha ethile yohlelo isebenza njalo, labo abaphethe .ukuqhubekisela phambili isikhathi nosuku, noma imininingwane efanayo.
14. Ukushayela kwe-Floppy. Manje ezingasekho emhlabeni jikelele, ama-floppy drive afunda futhi abhala imininingwane kuma-floppy disks, okuyisitoreji esithandwa kakhulu sesitoreji phakathi nawo-1980 no-1990. Namuhla ayilutho nje kuphela.
15. Amakhadi wevidiyo. Ngokufana naleyo yenethiwekhi, kepha egxile ekucutshungulweni kolwazi olubukwayo, ivumela ukuboniswa okukhulu nokungcono kwemininingwane esikrinini, futhi amamodeli wenoveli avame ukudingeka ekwenzeni isoftware yokwakha noma nemidlalo yevidiyo ye-cinematographic.

Izibonelo zesoftware

1. I-Microsoft Windows. Mhlawumbe uhlelo lokusebenza oludume kakhulu emhlabeni, olusetshenziswa ezinkulungwaneni zamakhompiyutha e-IBM futhi evumela ukuphathwa nokuxhumana kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zekhompyutha kusuka endaweni enobungane, ngokusekelwe kumawindi ahlangana nolwazi.
2. IMozilla Firefox. Esinye seziphequluli ze-Intanethi esaziwa kakhulu, esitholakala ukulanda mahhala. Ivumela ukuxhumana komsebenzisi ne iwebhu yomhlaba jikelele, kanye nokwenza usesho lwedatha nezinye izinhlobo zokusebenzisana okubonakalayo.
3. I-Microsoft Word. Mhlawumbe iprosesa yamagama ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, ingxenye ye-Microsoft Office suite, efaka amathuluzi ebhizinisi, ukuphathwa kwedatha, ukwakhiwa kwesethulo, nokuningi.
4. I-Google Chrome. Isiphequluli seGoogle sibeke umbandela wokukhanya nesivinini emkhakheni weziphequluli ze-Intanethi futhi ngokushesha sathandwa phakathi kwabalandeli be-Intanethi. Impumelelo yayo ibiyokuthi ivule umnyango wamaphrojekthi wezinhlelo zokusebenza zeGoogle namanye ama-software azayo.
5. I-Adobe Photoshop. Isicelo sokuhlelwa kwezithombe, ukuthuthukiswa kokuqukethwe kokuklanywa kokubukwa kanye nokuthwebula kabusha okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe, ukwakheka kobuhle nokunye, okuvela enkampanini i-Adobe Inc. Akungabazeki ukuthi yisoftware ethandwayo emhlabeni wokudweba imidwebo.
6. I-Microsoft Excel. Elinye ithuluzi elivela ku-Microsoft Office Suite, kulokhu ukudala nokuphatha imininingwane kanye namatafula wolwazi. Ilusizo olukhulu emisebenzini yokuphatha neyezimali.
7. I-SkypeIsoftware yezokuxhumana edume kakhulu, ekuvumela ukuthi wenze amakholi wevidiyo noma izinkomfa zevidiyo nge-Intanethi mahhala. Noma ungenayo ikhamera noma ungafuni ukuyisebenzisa, ingaba yisifaniso sezingcingo, usebenzisa imininingwane esikhundleni sezingcingo.
8. I-CCleaner.Ithuluzi lokuhlanza nokulungisa ledijithali lohlelo lokusebenza lwekhompyutha, elikwaziyo ukuthola nokususa isoftware enobungozi (amagciwane, i-malware) nokufaka amaphutha wokubhalisa noma eminye imiphumela yokusetshenziswa kohlelo uqobo.
9. I-AVG Antivirus. Isicelo sokuzivikela: sivikela isistimu ekungeneni okungenzeka okuvela kubantu besithathu noma isoftware enobungozi kumanethiwekhi anegciwane noma eminye imidiya yesitoreji. Isebenza njenge-antibody yedijithali nesihlangu esivikelayo.
10. Winamp. Isidlali somculo sezinhlelo zombili ze-IBM neMacintosh sikhululekile ukusabalalisa futhi sihambisana nezindlela zomsakazo we-inthanethi, ama-podcast nokuningi.
11. I-Nero CD / DVD Burner. Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa, leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi uphathe mathupha ama-CD noma ama-DVD wakho wokubhala, inqobo nje uma unehadiwe elifanele.
12. Isidlali seVLC. Isoftware yokudlalwa kwevidiyo ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuminyaniswa, okuvumela ukuboniswa kwe-multimedia ngomsindo nezithombe ezidingekayo ukubuka ama-movie noma uchungechunge kwidijithali.
13. I-Comix. Isibukeli samahlaya esidumile sedijithali, esikuvumela ukuthi uvule amafayela wesithombe amafomethi ahlukahlukene ukuze ube nokuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda okufana nalokho kwamahlaya angokwenyama, ukwazi ukuthola ubukhulu, ukusondeza isithombe, njll.
14. I-OneNote. Leli thuluzi lisetshenziselwa ukuthatha nokuphatha amanothi akho, njengencwadi yokubhalela ephaketheni lakho. Ukuyisebenzisa, unokufinyelela okusheshayo kohlu, amanothi noma izikhumbuzo, ngakho-ke kusebenza njenge-ajenda.
15. IMediaMonkey. Uhlelo lokusebenza olukuvumela ukuthi ukhiqize kabusha, u-ode futhi uphathe amafayela womculo namavidiyo, ngochungechunge lwemitapo yolwazi ehambela umbhali, i-albhamu, nolunye ulwazi olufanele, futhi uvumelanise namadivayisi eselula afana nezidlali zomculo namaselula.

Ingakusiza

• Izibonelo ze-Hardware
• Izibonelo Zesoftware
• Izibonelo Zamadivayisi Wokufaka
• Izibonelo Zamadivayisi Okukhipha
• Izibonelo zemiphetho exubile