-Delile
A ithafa Kuyisabelo esithile somhlaba esibonakala ngokwethula ithafa eliphawulekayo noma ukwehliswa okuncane kwezwe. Lokhu kuvame ukuba phakathi amathafa. Amathafa atholakala kakhulu ngaphansi kwamamitha angama-200 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Kodwa-ke, kukhona namathafa ezinkangala.
- Bheka futhi: Izibonelo zezintaba, amathafa namathafa
Ukubaluleka kwamathafa
Ngokuvamile, amathafa athambekele ekubeni inhlabathi enenzalo enkulu, yingakho esetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela okusanhlamvu nokudla kwezilwane.
Kodwa-ke, zisetshenziselwa kabanzi ukwakheka kwemigwaqo noma ujantshi, ngakho-ke imvamisa kuyizindawo lapho kuhlala khona abantu.
Izibonelo zamathafa
- Ithafa LaseMpumalanga Yurophu - Ithafa elilahlekile
- Isifunda sePampas - Ithafa elilahlekile
- IDōgo Plain (Japan) - Ithafa elilahlekile
- Ithafa elisogwini lwaseValencian - Ithafa elisogwini
- I-Plain Coastal Plain - Ithafa elisogwini
- I-Minas Basin, iNova Scotia (Canada) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve (eShanghai) - Ithafa laseTidal
- ULwandle Oluphuzi (Korea) - Ithafa laseTidal
- I-San Francisco Bay (USA) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Itheku laseTacoma (eU.SA) - Ithafa laseTidal
- ICape Cod Bay (eU.SA) - Ithafa laseTidal
- I-Wadden Sea (eNetherlands, eJalimane naseDenmark) - Ithafa laseTidal
- Southeast Coast of Iceland - Ithafa le-sandur glacial
- I-Alaskan neCanada tundra enyakatho Nenkabazwe - Ithafa laseTundra
- AmaGrasslands e-Argentina, eningizimu ye-Afrika, e-Australia nasenkabeni ye-Eurasia - Iziqhingi
Izinhlobo zamathafa
Izinhlobo zethafa zingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngohlobo lokuqeqeshwa ukuthi laba bane:
- Amathafa ezakhiwo. Yizindawo ezingazange ziguqulwe kakhulu ukuguguleka komoya, amanzi, izinguzunga zeqhwa, udaka lwentaba-mlilo, noma izinguquko ezinesimo sezulu.
- Amathafa agugulekayo. Zingamathafa okuthi, njengoba izwi libonisa, aqedwa ngamanzi (umoya noma izinguzunga zeqhwa) ngesikhathi esithile, kwakheka indawo eyisicaba.
- Amathafa amadiphozi. Angamathafa akhiwa ngokufakwa kwenhlabathi okwathathwa ngumoya, amagagasi, izinguzunga zeqhwa, njll.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwediphozi, ithafa kungaba:
- ILava plain. Lapho ithafa lakhiwa izingqimba zodaka lwentaba-mlilo.
- Ithafa elisogwini noma elincane. Kutholakala ogwini lolwandle.
- Ithafa laseTidal. Lezi zinhlobo zamathafa zakhiwa lapho inhlabathi inenqwaba yobumba noma inhlabathi enesihlabathi, okuhumusha ekuthini inhlabathi enezikhukhula kalula. Bangamathafa acishe abe maningi umswakama.
- Amathafa aseGlacial. Akhiqizwa ukuhamba kwezinguzunga zeqhwa, ngaleyo ndlela kwakha lolu hlobo lwamathafa. Ngokulandelayo, zingahlukaniswa zibe ngaphansi:
- USandar noma isandur. Luhlobo lwethafa eliwugwadule elenziwa izidalwa ezincane. Imvamisa idonsela indawo ebanzi enamagatsha amancane emifula efriziwe.
- Ithafa le-glacial le-till. Okwakhiwa ukunqwabelana kwenqwaba yesidumbu seqhwa.
- Ithafa le-Abyssal. Ithafa elakhiwa ezansi kolwandlekazi, ngaphambi kokuncipha noma kwalasha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, olunye uhlobo lokuhlukaniswa kwamathafa nalo luyabonakala kuya ngesimo sezulu noma uhlaza ukuthi inayo:
- Isigaxa esingenalutho. Ithafa elingenazo izihlahla. Imbozwe ngofeleba nobulembu. Kutholakala ikakhulu ezindaweni ezibandayo.
- Ithafa elomile. Zingamathafa lapho kwenzeka khona imvula encane.
- Iziqhingi. Kunotshani obuningi kunasethafeni noma ethafeni elomile, kodwa noma kunjalo izimvula ziyaqhubeka nokuntuleka.
