Izibonelo ze-Abiotic Factors - Encyclopedia

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Izibonelo zezici ze-abiotic
Ingakusiza

I-ecosystem uhlelo olwakhiwe ngamaqembu ahlukahlukene wezinto eziphilayo nemvelo ebonakalayo lapho zihlobana khona kanye nemvelo. Ku-ecosystem sithola:

Izici zebhayoloji: Ziyizinto eziphilayo, okungukuthi, i- izidalwa eziphilayo. Zivela kumabhaktheriya kuya ezilwaneni nasezitshalweni ezinkulu kakhulu. Zingaba yi-heterotrophic (zithatha ukudla kwazo kwezinye izidalwa eziphilayo) noma ama-autotrophs (zikhiqiza ukudla kwazo kusuka ezintweni ezingaphili). Zihlobene nomunye nomunye ngobudlelwano be isilwane, ikhono, parasitism, ukuhlanganyela, ukubambisana nomaukuvumelana.
Izici ze-Abiotic: Yizo zonke lezo ezakha izici ezingokwenyama zamakhemikhali e-ecosystem. Lezi zinto zihlala zisebenzelana njalo nezinto ze-biotic ngoba zivumela ukusinda nokukhula kwazo. Isibonelo: amanzi, umoya, ukukhanya.

Izici ze-Abiotic zingazuzisa ezinye izinhlobo hhayi ezinye. Isibonelo, a pH i-asidi (i-abiotic factor) ayihambisani nokusinda nokuzala kwe amagciwane (i-biotic factor) kepha yebo ngesikhunta (i-biotic factor).

Izici zebhayoloji zisungula izimo lapho izinto eziphilayo zingahlala khona ku-ecosystem ethile. Ngalesi sizathu, ezinye izinto ziyakhula ukujwayela kule mibandela, okusho ukuthi, ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izidalwa eziphilayo zingashintshwa yizici ze-biotic.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izici ze-biotic nazo ziguqula izici ze-abiotic. Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwezinto eziphilayo ezithile (i-biotic factor) emhlabathini kungashintsha i-asidi (i-abiotic factor) yenhlabathi.

Bheka futhi: Izibonelo zezici ze-biotic ne-abiotic

Izibonelo zezici ze-abiotic

Amanzi: Ukutholakala kwamanzi kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithinta ubukhona bezinto eziphilayo ku-ecosystem, ngoba kubalulekile ekusindeni kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokuphila. Ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona njalo amanzi, izinto eziphilayo zenze ukujwayela okuvumela ukuthi zichithe isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle kokuthintana namanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwamanzi kuthinta i- izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakamo womoya.
Isibani seso: Luhlobo lokukhanya olungabonakali ngeso lomuntu.
Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet: Imisebe kagesi. Akubonakali. Ubuso bomhlaba buvikelwe iningi lalemisebe ngumkhathi. Kodwa-ke imisebe ye-UV-A (ubude besikhathi esiphakathi kuka-380 kuye ku-315 nm) ifinyelela ngaphezulu. Le misebe ayilimazi kangako izicubu zezinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuphambene, imisebe ye-UV-B ibangela ukushiswa yilanga nomdlavuza wesikhumba.
Umkhathi: Ngokwalokho osekushiwo ngemisebe ye-ultraviolet, kungaqondakala ukuthi umkhathi nezimpawu zawo kuthinta ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo.
Ithempelesha: Ukushisa kusetshenziswa izitshalo ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo kunesilinganiso sokushisa semvelo esiphezulu nesincane lapho zingaphila khona. Kungakho izinguquko zomhlaba jikelele ekushiseni zinomphumela wokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. I- ama-microorganisms okubizwa nge-Extremophiles kungabekezelela amazinga okushisa adlulele.
Umoya: Okuqukethwe umoya kuthinta ukuthuthukiswa kanye nempilo yezinto eziphilayo. Isibonelo, uma kune-carbon monoxide emoyeni, iyingozi kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo, kubandakanya nabantu. Umoya uphinde uthinte, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhula kwezitshalo: izihlahla ezihlala ezindaweni ezinemimoya ejwayelekile ohlangothini olufanayo zikhula zigwegwile.

Ukukhanya okubonakalayo: Kubalulekile empilweni yezitshalo, ngoba iyangenelela enqubweni ye-photosynthesis. Ivumela izilwane ukuthi zibone eduze kwazo ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene njengokufuna ukudla noma ukuzivikela.
I-calcium: Kuyinto etholakala kuqweqwe lomhlaba kepha nasemanzini olwandle. Kuyinto ebalulekile yezici ze-biotic: ivumela ukukhula okujwayelekile kwamaqabunga, izimpande nezithelo ezitshalweni, nasezilwaneni kubalulekile ekuqineni kwamathambo, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi.
Ithusi: Ingenye yezinsimbi ezimbalwa ezitholakala kwimvelo ku isimo esimsulwa. Kumuncwa njenge-cation. Ezitshalweni, ibamba iqhaza kwinqubo ye-photosynthesis. Ezilwaneni, itholakala kumaseli abomvu egazi, ibamba iqhaza ekugcineni imithambo yegazi, izinzwa, amasosha omzimba namathambo.
I-nitrogen: Yakha u-78% womoya. Imidumba imunca ngqo emoyeni. Amagciwane ayiguqula ibe yi-nitrate. I-nitrate isetshenziswa yizinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene ukwenza i- amaprotheni.
Oxygen: Nguye isici samakhemikhali iningi ngobuningi ku-biosphere, okungukuthi, ulwandle, umoya nenhlabathi. Kuyisici se-abiotic kepha sikhishwa yi-biotic factor: izitshalo no-algae, ngenxa yenqubo ye-photosynthesis. Izinto eziphilayo ze-Aerobic yilezo ezidinga umoya-mpilo ukuguqula izakhamzimba zibe ngamandla. Abantu, ngokwesibonelo, yizinto eziphilayo ze-aerobic.
Ukuphakama: Ngokwendawo, ukuphakama kwendawo kuyalinganiswa kucatshangelwa ibanga layo elime mpo ukusuka olwandle. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhonjiswa ukuphakama, kuyakhonjiswa, ngokwesibonelo, i-200 m.a.s.l. (amamitha ngaphezu kogu lolwandle). Ukuphakama kuthinta kokubili ukushisa (kunciphisa ama-degree angu-0.65 kuwo wonke amamitha ayi-100 wobude) nengcindezi yasemkhathini.