Izibonelo eziyi-10 zoMbuso waseMonera - Encyclopedia

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Izibonelo ze-Monera Kingdom
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Umbuso wemvelo ukwahlukana okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwe- izidalwa eziphilayo ukwenza lula ukutadisha nokuqonda kwayo.

Imibuso emihlanu yemvelo yilena:

Umbuso wemifino (I-Plantae): Ziyizinto eziphilayo ezinekhono le-photosynthesis, elingenawo amandla okuhamba futhi anezindonga zamaseli e-cellulose.
Umbuso Wezilwane (Animalia): Yilezo zinto eziphilayo ezinamandla okuhamba, ezingenalo udonga lweseli, ezingama-heterotrophic futhi ezikhula ngemibungu.
isikhunta umbuso: Yizinto eziphilayo ezinganyakazisi futhi ezinezindonga zamaseli e-chitin.
umbuso wama-protist: Izinto eziphilayo ezinesakhiwo esifanayo samangqamuzana njengezilwane, izitshalo kanye nesikhunta (iseli le-eukaryotic) kepha ayikwazi ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezinye izindawo.
UMbuso WaseMonera: Izinto eziphilayo ezakhiwe ngamaseli we-prokaryotic.

I-Monera Kingdom iyona kuphela lapho kutholakala khona izinto eziphilayo ze-prokaryotic. Kweminye imibuso emine izinto eziphilayo ze-eukaryotic ziqoqiwe.

I- amaseli Ama-eukaryote yilawo ane-nucleus ehlukanisiwe, okungukuthi, izinto zawo zofuzo zehlukaniswe ne-cytoplasm ulwelwesi lwenuzi. Amaseli aveza i-DNA yamahhala ku-cytoplasm.

Embusweni waseMonera sithola izinto eziphilayo zodwa unicellular njengamagciwane noma i-archaea.

Izibonelo ze-Monera Kingdom

Escherichia coli: I-Phylum: i-proteobacteria. Isigaba: gammaproteobacteria. I-oda: enterobacteriales. I-gram-negative bacillus edala izifo zesisu.
I-Lactobacillus casei: Ukuhlukaniswa: amafemu. Isigaba: I-Bacilli: I-oda: i-Lactobacillales. I-Gram positive anaerobic bacteria etholakala emathunjini nasemlonyeni wabantu. Ikhiqiza i-lactic acid.
Clostridium tetani: Ukwahlukaniswa: Izinkampani zezinkampani. Isigaba: clostridia. I-oda: clostridiales. Ama-bacterium amahle we-Gram, ukwakha i-spore kanye ne-anaerobic. Itholakala emgodini wamathumbu wezilwane. Kubanga ukutheleleka okungathi sína kubantu, isibonelo isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi.
IClostridium septicum: Ukuhlukaniswa: Izinkampani zezinkampani. Isigaba: clostridia. I-oda: clostridiales. I-Gram positive bacteria ye-anaerobic. Kubanga izifo kubantu ezifana namathumba, i-grangrene, i-neutropenic enterocolitis, ne-sepsis.
UChlamydia (chlamydia): Ukuhlukaniswa: chlamydiae. I-oda: chlamydiales. Igciwane elingelona le-Gram elidala izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
IClostridium botulinum: Ukwahlukaniswa: Izinkampani zezinkampani. Isigaba: clostridia. I-oda: Clostridiales. I-Bacillus itholakala emhlabeni. Ngenxa yemetabolism yayo, ikhiqiza ubuthi obubangela i-botulism.
ISorangium cellulosum: Ukuhlukaniswa: Ama-Proteobacteria. Isigaba: deltaproteobacteria. I-oda: Ama-Myxococcales. Amagciwane amakhulu angenawo amandla. Ine-genome enkulu kunazo zonke eyaziwa ku-bacterium.
Serpulina (bachyspira): Ukwahlukaniswa: ama-spirochaetes. Isigaba: ama-spirochaetes. I-oda: ama-spirochaetales. Amagciwane e-Anaerobic akhubaza abantu.
IVibrio vulnificus. Ukuhlukaniswa: i-proteobacteria. Isigaba: gammaproteobacteria. I-oda: ama-vibrionales. I-bacillus ebekezelela usawoti, ngakho-ke ingachuma emanzini olwandle. Kuyigciwane kubantu, okungukuthi, kubangela ukutheleleka. Kuyigciwane eline-Gram-negative.
I-Bifidobacteria. Ukuhlukaniswa: i-actinobacteria. Isigaba: i-actinobacteria. I-oda: ama-bifidobacteriales. Ingabe i- amagciwane etholakala kukholoni. Babamba iqhaza ekugayeni futhi banciphise izehlakalo zokungezwani komzimba, ngaphezu kokuvimbela ukukhula kwezimila ezithile.

Ingakusebenzela: Izibonelo ezivela embusweni ngamunye

Izici

Azinawo ama-organelles: ngaphezu kokushoda kwe-cell cell, awanawo ama-plastids, i-mitochondria, noma olunye uhlelo lwe-endomembrane.
Ukudla: zondla nge-osmotrophy, okungukuthi, zimunca izakhamzimba nge-osmosis yezinto ezincibilikisiwe emvelweni. Lokhu kudla kungaba:
- I-Heterotrophic: zondla izinto eziphilayo kwezinye izinto eziphilayo. Bangama-saprophytes uma bondla kuwo imfucuza; izimuncagazi uma zondla ngezinto eziphilayo noma i-symbiotic uma besungula ubudlelwano nomunye umzimba lapho bobabili bezuza khona.
- I-Autotroph: bathuthukisa ukudla kwabo nge-photosynthesis noma i-chemosynthesis.
Ukuxhomekeka Kwe-Oxygen Okuguqukayo: Akuzona zonke izinto embusweni waseMonera ezisebenzisa i-oksijini ukwakheka komzimba. Labo abasebenzisa i-oxygen babizwa ngama-aerobes kanti labo abangayidingi babizwa ngama-anaerobes.
Ukuzala kabusha: Kuyiqiniso asexual ngefission kanambambili. Ngamanye amagama, ayikho i-mitosis.
I-Locomotion: Lezi zidalwa zingahambisa ukubonga ku-flagella.
I-DNA: Yakheke njengentambo eyisiyingi futhi ikhululekile ku-cytoplasm.