-Delile
A umuthi wamakhemikhali Konke okubalulekile kunokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuchaziwe nokuthi izakhi zalo ezingeke zahlukaniswa nganoma iyiphi indlela ebonakalayo. Into yamakhemikhali ingumphumela wenhlanganisela yezakhi zamakhemikhali futhi yakhiwa ngama-molecule, ama-form units nama-athomu. Ngokwesibonelo: amanzi, i-ozone, ushukela.
Amakhemikhali atholakala kuzo zonke izifundazwe: okuqinile, uketshezi, kanye negesi. Lezi zinto zitholakala ezimonyweni, ekudleni, eziphuzweni, emithini. Ngokwesibonelo: i-sodium fluoride kumuthi wokuxubha, i-sodium chloride kutawoti kasawoti. Ezinye izinto zingaba yingozi empilweni yomuntu, njengoshevu noma i-nicotine osikilidi.
Igama elithi i-chemical substance lavela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, ngenxa yemisebenzi kasokhemisi nomsokhemisi waseFrance, uJoseph Louis Proust.
Amakhemikhali amsulwa, angenakwehlukaniswa nezinye izinto nganoma iyiphi indlela; Zihlukaniswe nemixube, izinyunyana ezitholakala ngokuhlanganisa izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezingakulondolozi ukuxhumana kwamakhemikhali.
- Landela: Izinto ezihlanzekile nezinhlanganisela
Izinhlobo zamakhemikhali
- Izinto ezilula. Izinto ezakhiwa nge-athomu elilodwa noma amaningi ento efanayo yamakhemikhali. Ukwakheka kwe-athomu kungashintsha ngokwenombolo yama-athomu, kepha hhayi ngohlobo. Ngokwesibonelo: i-ozone, enamangqamuzana ayo akhiwa ama-athomu amathathu oksijini.
- Izinto eziyinhlanganisela noma izinhlanganisela. Izinto ezakhiwe ngezinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezihlukile noma ama-athomu. Zakhiwa ngokuhlangana kwamakhemikhali. Isici sabo esiyinhloko ukuthi banefomula yamakhemikhali nokuthi ayinakwakhiwa ngentando yomuntu. Zonke izakhi zethebula lezikhathi zingahlangana zenze izinto ezihlanganisiwe futhi lezi azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa yizinqubo zomzimba. Ngokwesibonelo: amanzi, ama-molecule awo akhiwa i-hydrogen ne-oxygen. Kunezinhlanganisela eziphilayo nezingaphili.
- Landela: Izinto ezilula nezihlanganisiwe
Izinhlobo zezinhlanganisela
- Izinhlanganisela ze-Organic. Izinto ezenziwe ikakhulukazi ngama-athomu ekhabhoni. Bangakwazi ukubola. Zikhona kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo nakwezinye izidalwa ezingaphili. Bangaba yinto engajwayelekile lapho ama-athomu abo eshintsha. Ngokwesibonelo: umakhalekhukhwini.
- Izinhlanganisela ezingaphili. Izinto ezingenayo ikhabhoni noma lokhu akuyona ingxenye yazo eyinhloko. Phakathi kwazo kukhona noma iyiphi into engaphili noma engakwazi ukubola. Ngokwesibonelo: okukhukhumalisa amakhekhe.Ezinye izinto ezingaphili zingaba yimvelo.
- Landela: Izinhlanganisela ezingokwemvelo nezingaphili
Izibonelo zamakhemikhali
Izinto ezilula
- Ozone
- Dioxygen
- I-Hydrogen
- Iklorini
- IDayimane
- Ithusi
- Bromine
- Insimbi
- Potassium
- I-calcium
Izinto eziyinhlanganisela
- Amanzi
- Isikhutha
- Isulfure dioxide
- I-Sulfuric acid
- Izinki oxide
- I-iron oxide
- I-sodium oxide
- I-calcium sulfide
- I-Ethanol
- I-Carbon monoxide
