Izibonelo Zomlandisi Owazi Konke - Encyclopedia

-Delile

Izinhlobo zomlandisi
Izici zombhali owazi konke
Izibonelo zomxoxi wezindaba owazi konke

I- umbalisi owazi konke nguyena obalisa ngokwazi ngokuphelele konke okwenzekayo: izenzo, imicabango kanye nezisusa zabalingiswa.

Ngokuba nalo lonke lolu lwazi, umbalisi owazi konke akayona ingxenye yendaba, okungukuthi, akayena umlingiswa.

Ingakusiza: Umlandi kumuntu wokuqala, wesibili nowesithathu

Izinhlobo zomlandisi

Ngaphezu kombalisi owazi konke, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zombalisi, kuya ngombono awuthathayo:

Umqapheli. Kungumlandisi womuntu wesithathu olandisa kuphela lokho okungabonwa. Awazi imicabango noma imizwa yabalingiswa ngale kwalokho abakukhulumayo.
Protagonist. I-protagonist yemicimbi ixoxa eyayo indaba. Uvame ukuba ngumbalisi womuntu wokuqala ngoba ukhuluma ngaye. Kodwa-ke, usebenzisa umuntu wesithathu njengoba ekwazi ukulandisa izehlakalo ezenzeka eduze kwakhe. Umxoxi omkhulu akazi ukuthi abanye abalingiswa bacabangani noma bazizwa kanjani.
Fakaza. Umlandisi ungumlingiswa wesibili, ongafezi isenzo esikhulu. Ulwazi lwakhe lungelomuntu othintekayo ezenzakalweni, kepha njengofakazi wesibili.

Izici zombhali owazi konke

Sebenzisa umuntu wesithathu.
Uveza futhi ubeke imibono ngezenzo zabalingiswa nezehlakalo ezenzeka eduze kwabo.
Imicabango ye-akhawunti, izinkumbulo, izinhloso, nemizwa yabalingiswa.
Kwezinye izimo kulindela okuzokwenzeka ngokuzayo.
Funda ngokudlule kwezindawo nabalingiswa.

Izibonelo zomxoxi wezindaba owazi konke

“Izingcingo", URoberto Bolaños

Ngobunye ubusuku lapho engenakwenza lutho, uB uphatha, ngemuva kwezingcingo ezimbili, ukuxhumana no-X. Akekho kubo osemncane futhi kukhombisa ngamazwi abo anqamula iSpain ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye. Ubungani buzalwa kabusha futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa banquma ukuhlangana futhi. Zombili izinhlangothi zihudula isehlukaniso, ukugula okusha, ukukhungatheka.

Lapho uB ethatha isitimela esiya edolobheni lakwa-X, akasathandani. Usuku lokuqala abalichitha bevalelwe endlini kaX, bekhuluma ngempilo yabo (empeleni ngu-X okhulumayo, uB uyalalela futhi ubuza ngezikhathi ezithile); ebusuku uX ummema ukuthi ahlanganyele embhedeni wakhe. Ukujula kwe-B akuzizwa njengokulala no-X, kepha kuyamukela. Ekuseni, lapho evuka, uB uyathandana futhi.

“Ibhola elincane”UGuy de Maupassant

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, nokwesaba kokuqala kwaphela, kwabuyiselwa ukuthula. Emizini eminingi isikhulu sasePrussia sasihlanganyela etafuleni lomndeni. Abanye, ngenxa yenhlonipho noma imizwa ebucayi, bazwela amaFulentshi futhi bamemezela ukuthi babenqikaza ukuphoqeleka ukuba babambe iqhaza elibonakalayo empini. Babongwa ngale mibukiso yokwazisa, bacabanga nokuthi ukuvikelwa kwabo kuzodingeka ngesikhathi esithile. Ngokudumisa, mhlawumbe bazogwema ukuphazamiseka nezindleko zezindawo zokuhlala eziningi.

Yini eyayizoholela ekulimazeni abanamandla, ababethembele kubo? Wayenobudedengu ngaphezu kokushisekela izwe. Futhi ubudedengu akulona iphutha losonxiwankulu bamanje baseRouen, njengoba kwakunjalo ngalezo zinsuku zokuvikela amaqhawe, okwakukhazimulisa futhi kupholisha idolobha. Kwacatshangelwa - ukufihla emqhudelwaneni waseFrance - ukuthi kwakungeke kuthathwe njengehlazo ukunakekela ngokweqile ekhaya, ngenkathi emphakathini ngamunye wayengakhombisi isosha langaphandle. Emgwaqweni, sengathi abazani; Kepha ekhaya bekuhluke kakhulu, futhi bamphatha ngendlela yokuthi bagcina isiJalimane sabo semibuthano yokuzijabulisa ekhaya, njengomndeni, njalo ebusuku.

“Idili”UJulio Ramón Ribeyro

Lokho kwakuyiholide, waphuma nomkakhe baya kuvulandi bayozindla ngengadi yakhe ekhanyisiwe futhi wavala lolo suku olungalibaleki ngephupho eliyimpumelelo. Isimo sendawo, nokho, besibonakala silahlekelwe yimpahla ebucayi, ngoba nomaphi lapho ebeka khona amehlo, uDon Fernando wazibona, wazibona esejazini, embizeni, ebhema ugwayi, enomhlobiso ongemuva lapho (njengakwezinye izingqwembe zezivakashi ) kudidaniswe izikhumbuzo zamadolobha amane abaluleke kakhulu eYurophu. Ngokude, ekhoneni elibheke ngoshimula wakhe, wabona ujantshi ubuya ehlathini nezinqola zawo zilayishwe ngegolide. Futhi kuyo yonke indawo, ehamba futhi esobala njengesifaniso senkanuko, wabona umuntu wesifazane onemilenze kakhukhunathi, isigqoko semarquise, amehlo omTahiti futhi engenalutho nakancane ngomkakhe.

Ngosuku lwedili, abafika kuqala kwakuyizifutho. Kusukela ngehora lesihlanu ntambama bebebekwe ekhoneni, bezama ukugcina i-incognito ekhonjiswa izigqoko zabo, imikhuba yabo engekho ngokweqile futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho umoya omubi wobugebengu abaphenyi, abasebenza ngemfihlo kanye nabo bonke labo bathola imisebenzi efihliwe.

“El Capote”, UNicolás Gogol

Owesifazane obelethayo unikezwe ithuba lokukhetha phakathi kwamagama amathathu: uMokkia, uSossia kanye nomfel 'ukholo uJosdasat. "Cha," kusho lo wesifazane ogulayo ekhuluma yedwa. Yeka amagama ambalwa! Cha! " Ukuze bamjabulise, bavula ishidi le-almanac, elalibhalwe amanye amagama amathathu, uTrifiliy, uDula, noVarajasiy.

"Kodwa konke lokhu kubukeka njengesijeziso sangempela!" kubabaza umama. Yeka amagama! Angikaze ngiyizwe into enjalo! Ukube nje bekuyiVaradat noma iVaruj; kodwa iTrifiliy noma iVarajasiy!

Baphendula elinye ishidi le-almanac kwatholakala amagama kaPavikajiy noVajticiy.

-Kulungile; Ngiyabona, "kusho umama omdala," ukuthi lokhu kumele kube yisiphetho sakhe. Hhayi-ke, kungcono uqanjwe ngegama likayihlo. U-Akakiy ubizwa ngokuthi ubaba; ukuthi indodana ibizwa nangokuthi u-Akakiy.

Ngakho-ke kwakhiwa igama elithi Akakiy Akakievich. Ingane yabhapathizwa. Ngesikhathi sesenzo seSakramente wakhala futhi wenza ubuso obunjalo, njengokungathi wayezwa ukuthi uzoba ngumeluleki oyinhloko. Izinto zenzeka kanjalo-ke. Sibalule le micimbi ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa umfundi ukuthi konke bekufanele kwenzeke ngale ndlela nokuthi bekungeke kwenzeke ukuthi ayinike elinye igama.

“Umbhukudi", UJohn Cheever

Kwakungenye yalawo maSonto aphakathi nehlobo lapho wonke umuntu ephinda, "Ngiphuze kakhulu izolo ebusuku." Kwahlebezwa amakholwa ngesikhathi bephuma esontweni, kuzwakala kumpristi wesifunda uqobo ngenkathi ekhumula isambatho sakhe esikhwameni, kanye nasezinkundleni zegalufu nasezinkundleni zethenisi, nasesiqiwini semvelo lapho induna Iqembu le-Audubon laliphethwe yimiphumela ye-hangover esabekayo.

“Ngiphuze kakhulu,” kusho uDonald Westerhazy.
"Sonke sasiphuze kakhulu," kusho uLucinda Merrill.
"Kumele kube yiwayini," kuchaza uHelen Westerhazy. Ngiphuze kakhulu i-claret.

Isimo sale ngxoxo yokugcina kwaba semaphethelweni echibi laseWesterhazy, amanzi alo, avela emthonjeni wobuciko onamaphesenti amaningi wensimbi, ayenombala oluhlaza okotshani. Isimo sezulu besisihle.