Umlobi:
Laura McKinney
Usuku Lokudalwa:
8 Epreli 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku:
1 Ujulayi 2024
-Delile
A ithafa Luhlobo lokukhululeka olubonakala ngokuba yindawo ephakanyisiwe enendawo eyisicaba noma eyisicaba, enokuphakama okungaphezu kwamamitha angama-400 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Ithafa lizungezwe umhlaba ophansi futhi alihlukaniswa nokunwetshwa kwalo kodwa ukuphakama kwalo. Kuyaye kuthiwe ithafa liyindawo ephakathi nendawo phakathi kwethafa noma ithafa nentaba.
Amathafa atholakala ebusweni bezwekazi ayaziwa njengamathafa asezwenikazi, isibonelo: ithafa laseTibetani eHimalaya; Kukhona namathafa angaphansi kwamanzi angaphansi kolwandle, isibonelo: i-Campbell Plateau oLwandle oluseNingizimu Pacific.
- Kungakusiza: Izinsizakusebenza kanye nezici zazo
Ithafa livela kanjani?
Ithafa livela njengomphumela wochungechunge lwezehlakalo nezimo zomhlaba ezenzeka ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka.
- Ukuphakama kwamapuleti we-tectonic. Lezi zingcwecwe ziphakanyiswa zibheke phezulu bese zakha ithafa.
- Ukuguguleka kwendawo ezungezile. Lapho ukuzinza kwenzeka ezweni, ngokuvamile okuchazwa yimifula, izindawo ezizungezile ziyacwila ngaleyo ndlela zenze ithafa.
- Ukuguguleka kwezintaba. Lokhu kuguguleka kukhiqizwa isenzo semvula, imimoya nezinye izinto ezikhukhulayo.
- Isenzo sezintaba-mlilo. Kunamathafa anomsuka wentaba-mlilo aqalwa ukuguguleka kwendawo ezungeze intaba-mlilo noma izingxenye ezingaphezulu zesigaxa sentaba-mlilo.
Isibonelo samathafa asezwenikazi
- Izintaba zaseAndean. Itholakala empumalanga yezintaba i-Andes eNingizimu Melika ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-3000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
- Ithafa laseConococha. Itholakala eningizimu yesifunda se-Ancash ePeru ngamamitha ayi-4000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
- I-Pajonal enhle. Itholakala ePeru, ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-3000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
- Marcahuasi. Itholakala ezintabeni i-Andes, empumalanga yeLima, ePeru. Lokhu kunokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-4000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
- Ithafa elisenkabeni. Itholakala eSpain. Iphethe ingxenye enkulu yobuso beNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia.
- Ithafa lasePiedmont. Ithafa eliphansi elitholakala empumalanga ye-United States.
- IRocco Plateau. Itholakala e-Australia futhi yaziwa ngokuthi ithafa elishubile kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
- Ithafa lasePayunia. Itholakala e-Argentina, esifundazweni saseMendoza ngamamitha angama-2200 ngaphezu kolwandle.
- Ithebula Lesikhungo noma Ithebula Eliphakathi. Itholakala esifundeni esiphakathi neMexico. Inamathafa asukela kumamitha ayi-1700 kuye kwangama-2300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
- IPuna de Atacama. Itholakala enyakatho ye-Argentina neChile ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-4000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
- Ithafa laseCundiboyacense. Itholakala ebangeni elisentabeni elisempumalanga ye-Andes yaseColombia.
- Ithafa lasePatagonian. Itholakala eningizimu eningizimu yezwekazi laseMelika endaweni yase-Argentina, engaphansi kwamamitha ayi-2000 ukuphakama.
- Ubuningi base-Ethiopia. Itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika e-Ethiopia, e-Eritrea naseSomalia ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1500 ngaphezu kolwandle.
- I-Colorado Plateau. Itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States.
- IDeccan Plateau. Itholakala eningizimu emaphakathi neNdiya.
- I-Ozark Plateau. Itholakala maphakathi ntshonalanga ye-United States enokuphakama okuphezulu kwamamitha ayi-780 ngaphezulu kogu lolwandle.
- Ithafa lezithunywa zevangeli. Itholakala esifundazweni saseMisiones, enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Argentina.
- I-Atherton Plateau. Kuyingxenye yoHlelo Olukhulu Lokuhlukanisa eQueensland, e-Australia ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Izibonelo zamathafa asolwandle
- I-Agulhas Plateau. Itholakala eNingizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Indian Ocean eningizimu yeNingizimu Afrika.
- IBurdwood Bank noma i-Namuncurá Bank. Itholakala ku-200 km eningizimu yeFalkland Islands kanye ne-600 km ukusuka eCape Horn oLwandlekazi i-South Atlantic.
- Ithafa laseCaribbean laseColombia. Itholakala eCaribbean.
- I-Exmouth Plateau. Itholakala e-Indian Ocean.
- IHikurangi Plateau. Itholakala eSouthwest Pacific Ocean.
- IKerguelen Plateau. Itholakala e-Indian Ocean.
- IManihiki Plateau. Itholakala eSouthwest Pacific Ocean.
- Ithafa laseMascareña. Itholakala e-Indian Ocean empumalanga yeMadagascar.
- IPlateau Naturaliste. Itholakala e-Indian Ocean entshonalanga ye-Australia.
- I-Ontong Java Plateau. Itholakala eSouthwest Pacific Ocean empumalanga yeSolomon Islands.
- I-Yermak Plateau. Itholakala oLwandle i-Arctic.
- Shatsky Rise. Itholakala eNyakatho Pacific Ocean empumalanga yeJapan.
- Ezinye izibonelo ku: Izintaba, amathafa namathafa
