Izibonelo Zokushona - Encyclopedia

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Izibonelo zokuchithwa
Ingakusiza

I- uketshezi noma uketshezi inqubo yokuguqula udaba lwe isimo segesi (ikakhulukazi), ngqo ku-a isimo ketshezi, ngokucindezela okwandayo (isothermal compression) nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Lezi zimo, empeleni, zihlukanisa uketshezi oluncibilikisiwe kusuka ku- ukufingqa noma imvula.

Le ndlela yatholwa usosayensi waseBrithani uMichel Faraday ku 1823, ngesikhathi sokucwaninga kwakhe nge-ammonia, futhi namuhla kungenye yezinqubo ezijwayelekile futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuphathwa kwamagesi okusetshenziswa ezimbonini nasezentengisweni.

Bhekafuthi: Izibonelo ezisuka ku-Gaseous to Liquids (nenye indlela ezungezile)

Izibonelo zokuchithwa

I-chlorine eketshezi. Le nhlanganisela enobuthi kakhulu yenziwa ngamagesi e-chlorine, enzelwa ukuxubuka emanzini angcolile, amachibi okubhukuda nezinye izinhlobo zezindawo zasemanzini ezihloselwe ukuhlanzwa.
I-nitrogen engamanzi. Isetshenziswa njengesiqandisi ne-cryogenizer, ngoba le gesi enamanzi igcina ukushisa okukhulu, kujwayelekile ekususweni kwesikhumba noma ekwelashweni kokuhlinzwa okushisayo, noma ekubandeni kwesidoda kanye nama-ovules.
I-oxygen yetshezi. Ifomu eliwuketshezi, iyiswa ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo lapho, lapho ingcindezi yayo isibuyiselwe, ibuyela esimweni sayo segesi futhi ingondliwa ngendlela yomoya ezigulini ezinamaphutha emaphaphu.
Ukuchithwa kwe-Helium. Lokhu kwenziwa okokuqala nguHeike Kamerlingh Onnes ngonyaka we-1913, owavumela uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezimangazayo nge-liquid helium (-268.93 ° C), njengomphumela we-thermomechanical neminye eyavumela ukuqonda okungcono kwe Amagesi amahle.
UPropane noButane bacwile emanzini. Lawa magesi asetshenziswa ngokwejwayelekile ukuhweba nezimboni, anikezwe ukushisa kwawo kanye nezindleko ezishibhile, athuthwa ngamathangi nakuma-carafes ngokukhulu ukusimama, ngoba athatha isikhala esincane (cishe ivolumu ephindwe izikhathi ezingama-600) futhi aphatheka kalula.
Izibani ezivamile. Okuqukethwe oketshezi kwamalitha avamile epulasitiki kumane nje kungamagesi ancibilikisiwe, okuthi ngokufaka inkinobho nokufaka inhlansi, abuyele esimweni sawo segesi bese ephakela ilangabi. Kungakho ukufudumeza ilitha kuwumqondo omubi: uketshezi luthola isimo salo segesi bese lucindezela ngaphandle, okwenza kuqhume isitsha sepulasitiki.
Iziqandisi. Iziqandisi namakhaza kukhiqiza amakhaza kusuka kusisi esincibilikisiwe segesi ngaphakathi kwe-condenser, ekhipha ukushisa futhi igcine amazinga okushisa ephansi.
Liquefied petroleum gas. Incibilikiswe uwoyela noma igesi yemvelo, kunjalo ama-hydrocarbon Kulula kakhulu uketshezi, okutholwe ngu ziphuzo zazihluzwa i-catalytic fractional (ukuqhekeka) futhi isetshenziswe njengophethiloli wegesi.
Ama-aerosols nezifutho. Okuqukethwe kwama-aerosol amaningi, ngisho nalawo kapende wasemgwaqeni, kumiswe emoyeni ophethe umfutho ophakeme, ifomu lawo esitsheni liwuketshezi kodwa, lapho ucingo selusetshenzisiwe, lubuyela kwingcindezi esezingeni eliphakeme futhi lubuyise isimo salo segesi, lufafaze indawo ebhekiwe ngopende noma ngento oyifunayo bese ukhiphela wonke amanye amagesi emvelweni.
I-Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) uketshezi. Kungaba yisinyathelo esedlule sokuthola iqhwa elomile, noma ingxenye yezinye izinqubo zezimboni eziyidingayo, i-CO₂ Iningi emkhathini lingancibilika lapho licindezelwa kakhulu futhi licindezelwa.
Uketshezi kwe-ammonia. Njengengxenye yokusetshenziswa kwayo ekutholeni ama-cleaner amaningi noma ama-solvents, i-ammonia (NH₃) ingahlanganiswa. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa amabhaluni wesimo sezulu ukufaka i-ballast, engabuyiselwa kalula esimweni segesi futhi iphakamise umkhumbi.
Ukuphuza umoya. Kuyindlela yokuthola izinto ezimsulwa ezizosetshenziswa zezimboni: umoya uthathwa emkhathini futhi ufakwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ukuze kamuva ukhiphe izakhi zawo futhi ukwazi ukuwagcina ngokwehlukana, njenge-nitrogen, i-oxygen ne-argon.
Liquefied amagesi amahle. Isetshenziswe kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha we-infrared spectroscopy, ngoba lezi zinto zisobala kulolu hlobo lwemisebe futhi azifihli ububanzi bezinhlayiya noma izinto ezichithwe kuzo.
Abaphathi abakhulu. Ezikhungweni ezinkulu zesayensi noma zekhompyutha imishini yazo ekhiqiza okuningi kushisa, kusetshenziswa amagesi acijile (emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu) njenge-hydrogen ne-helium ukugwema ukushisa kwemishini ebucayi ekhethekile.
I-argon eketshiwe. Uqashwe ngokwesayensi ekuphishekeleni izinto ezimnyama, ngokusebenzisa imitshina emikhulu equkethe izingxenye ze-Argon kugesi nakuketshezi, ukukhanyisa njalo lapho inhlayiya yento emnyama ishayisana nalesi sici.