amandla wokubacindezela

-Delile

• Izinzuzo zamandla kagesi
• Ububi bamandla kagesi
• Izibonelo zamandla wokubacindezela
• Ezinye izinhlobo zamandla

I- amandla wokubacindezela )

Amandla eKinetic angamandla noma yimuphi umzimba onawo ngenxa yokuhamba kwawo. Isibonelo, uma sincika ipensela ephepheni bese silibamba linganyakazi, ipensela alidluliseli mandla ephepheni (awekho amandla e-kinetic).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sishaya iphepha ngosihloko wepensela, okungukuthi, siligudluza ngejubane elikhulu, ipensela liphula iphepha sibonga amandla alo e-kinetic. Ngalesi sizathu, amandla kagesi Awuveli emachibini noma emachibini, kodwa ovela emanzini ahambayo, njengemifula nezilwandle.

Amandla angaba khona yilokho okusentweni ngenxa yesikhundla sayo esilinganiselwe ngaphakathi kohlelo. Isibonelo, i-apula esihlahleni linamandla amakhulu wokuwa kwalo, okungukuthi, amandla angaba namandla amakhulu uma i-apula litholakala ngaphezulu.

Sebenzisa i- amandla angaba khona wamanzi kusho ukuthi umehluko wobude phakathi kwendawo lapho amanzi avela khona nendawo lapho ewela khona uyasetshenziswa. Amandla ewa ngawo ngenxa yokushesha kwamandla adonsela phansi aguqulwa abe amandla we-kinetic.

Bhekafuthi: Izibonelo Zamandla empilweni yansuku zonke

Izinzuzo zamandla kagesi

• Kungamandla angavuseleleka: Ngamanye amagama, ngeke iphele ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwayo, ngenxa yomjikelezo wamanzi. Noma kungathiwa inani elikhulu lamanzi liphuma echibini futhi lidlule esiteshini samandla kagesi ophehla amandla kagesi, lawo manzi azobuyela echibini ngenxa yomjikelezo wamanzi, okuzokwenza ukuthi amanzi ahwamuke abuyele esimweni semvula.
• Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Ngokungafani namanye amandla avuselelekayo (njengamandla elanga), isikhala esincane siyadingeka ukuthola amandla amakhulu.
• Akukhiqizi ukukhishwa okunobuthi: Njengalezo ezikhiqizwa eminye imithombo yamandla njenge izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi.
• Kushibhile: Ukusebenza kwayo kuzimele ngentengo kawoyela. Yize ukwakhiwa kwesitshalo se-hydroelectric kungabiza kakhulu, impilo yaso elusizo ingadlula iminyaka eyi-100.

Ububi bamandla kagesi

• Yize kunezinhlobo zamandla wokubacindezela ezingayithinti imvelo, iningi lazo yizitshalo zokuphehla ugesi, ezakha amadamu, okungukuthi, ukugcwala kwezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba ezungeze lokho okwakungumfula phambilini. Lokhu kunomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo, kuphoqa ukudluliswa kwezinhlobo eziningi futhi kuguqule ngokumangalisayo ukubukeka komhlaba.
• I-ecosystem ibuye iguqulwe ezansi nomfula ngoba amanzi aphuma emadamini awanaso isiqu, esidala ukuguguleka okusheshayo kwamabhange emifula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugeleza komfula kuguqulwa kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane.

Izibonelo zamandla wokubacindezela

IZITESHI ZE-HYDROELECTRIC

Baguqula amandla asemanzini abe ngamandla kagesi. Basebenzisa amandla angaba khona womthamo omkhulu wamanzi (ichibi noma ichibi lokufakelwa) ngenxa yokungalingani kwalo nombhede womfula. Amanzi adonswa nge-turbine, lapho amandla awo angaba namandla aguqulwa abe yi-kinetic energy (ukunyakaza) bese i-turbine iguqula amandla kagesi.

Isitshalo sokuqala sikagesi sakhiwa 1879 eNiagara Falls. Njengamanje, lena yindlela eshibhe kakhulu yamandla, ngenxa yesondlo esiphansi esidingwa yizikhungo kanye nenani lamandla atholakala nsuku zonke.

AMANZI AMANZI

Basebenzisa amandla we-kinetic womsele wamanzi. Ibizwa ngokuthi isigayo ngoba ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kokuqala yayisetshenziselwa ukugaya okusanhlamvu. Amanzi ahambisa izindwani zamasondo atholakala ecwile emanzini. Ngokusebenzisa isethi yamagiya, ukunyakaza kwesondo ngokulandelana kwalo kuhambisa amatshe ayindilinga abizwa ngokuthi amasondo okugaya acindezela izinhlamvu, awaguqule abe ufulawa.

Njengamanje, amasondo amanzi angasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola ugesi nge isiguquli, ngokufana nokusebenza kwama-turbine ezitshalo zamandla kagesi ophehla amandla kagesi.

Kodwa-ke, inani lamandla atholakalayo liphansi kakhulu kwazise amanzi ahamba ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthi ukungalingani kwemifula kuncane kakhulu kunalokho okusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokuphehla ugesi. Amasondo okuqala wamanzi akhiwa eGrisi lasendulo, ngekhulu lesi-3 BC.

AMANDLA OKUPHILA KWAMANZI

Kuyindlela ethile yokusebenzisa amandla wamanzi. Ihlukaniswe ku:

• Amandla avela emisakazweni yolwandle: Imisinga yolwandle ukunyakaza kwamanzi olwandle. Akhiqizwa yizinto eziningi, njengokujikeleza komhlaba nemimoya. Ama-Rotor asetshenziselwa ukusizakala ngamandla e-kinetic emisinga.
• Amandla we-Osmotic: Amanzi olwandle anosawoti, okungukuthi, anokuhlushwa kwe uyaphuma. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imifula ayinalo usawoti. Umehluko ekugxileni kasawoti phakathi kwemifula nezilwandle kuveza ukubambezeleka kwengcindezi osmosis, lapho izinhlobo ezimbili zamanzi zihlukaniswa ulwelwesi. Umehluko wengcindezi ezinhlangothini ezimbili zelwelwesi ungasetshenziswa ku-turbine.
• Amandla okushisa avela olwandle (igagasi lamanzi): Umehluko wamazinga okushisa phakathi kwamanzi olwandle ajulile (abandayo) futhi angajulile (afudumele) avumela idivaysi eshisayo ukuthi ihanjiswe ikhiqize ugesi.

Ezinye izinhlobo zamandla