-Delile
A igciwane kuyinto ama-microorganism okudala izifo ezehlukene. Kubonakala ngokwakhiwa kofuzo ngaphakathi futhi ukumbozwa yinhlanganisela yamaprotheni. Isici samagciwane ukuthi angena enkabeni yeseli abese ezala ngaphakathi kwawo. Ubungako bama-virus buhluka phakathi kwama-millimicra angama-20 kuye kwangama-500.
Zikhona, ezizungezile Kukhonjwe amagciwane ayi-5000. Kodwa-ke, igciwane lingashintsha (liguqule) izinto zalo zofuzo, likhiqize amagciwane amasha noma amagciwane amelana kakhulu kunalawo angaphambi kwawo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lonke igciwane liyasabalala noma likhiqize phambi kweseli elihlasele, ngakho-ke igciwane elingalodwa alikwazi ukuzala futhi lingafa.
Abanye igciwane kuthinta uhlobo olulodwa, kanti ezinye zikwazi ukuthinta eziningana. Ubukhulu (izinga lokufa) kwaleli gciwane luzohambisana nokwelashwa (okutholakele noma cha) kwaleli gciwane. Ngakho-ke kukhona amagciwane angenakuthathwa njengabulalayo njengamanje, njengegciwane lengquza, kuyilapho amanye, noma engenalo ikhambi elibonakalayo, athathwa njengabulalayo, njenge-HIV (igciwane lengculaza).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi umzimba ngamunye ulwa negciwane amaseli alo atheleleke ngalo. Isimo samasosha omzimba we umuntu ophilayo ethintekile, izolwa negciwane. Uma isimo sesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela singcono, kulapho kuzodingeka amathuluzi amaningi okulwa (namasosha omzimba) igciwane. La ma-antibody atholakala egazini futhi abizwa ngama-lymphocyte.
- Bhekafuthi: Amagciwane.
Izibonelo zamagciwane
- I-Adenovirus
- I-Arbovirus (encephalitis)
- I-Arenaviridae
- Baculoviridae
- Izakhiwo zegciwane le-LCM-Lassa (i-Old Continent arenavirus)
- Izakhiwo ze-Tacaribe viral (New World arenavirus)
- I-Cytomegalovirus
- I-flavivirus ephuzi (Umkhuhlane ophuzi)
- Umkhuhlane a
- I-H1N2, egcwele abantu nezingulube.
- I-H2N2, ebhekele umkhuhlane wase-Asia ngo-1957.
- I-H3N2, eyadala umkhuhlane waseHong Kong ngo-1968.
- I-H5N1, ebhekele usongo lobhadane ngo-2007-08.
- I-H7N7, enamandla okungajwayelekile we-zoonotic33.
- I-Hantaan (umkhuhlane we-Korean hemorrhagic fever)
- IHepatitis A, B, C
- I-Herpes simplex (i-herpes simplex)
- Izinhlobo zegciwane le-Herpes simplex 1 no-2
- I-herpesvirus yomuntu 7
- I-herpesvirus yomuntu 8 (HHV-8)
- I-Herpesvirus simiae (igciwane B)
- I-Varicella-zoster herpesvirus
- Megavirus chilensis
- Izimpumputhe ze-Myxovirus (Izimpumputhe)
- Amanye ama-Complexes we-LCM-Lassa Viral
- I-Papillomaviridae (Papillomas)
- I-Papovavirus (i-human papillomavirus)
- I-Paramyxoviridae:
- Izimpumputhe (Izimpumputhe)
- I-Parvovirus (i-Canine Parvovirus)
- I-parvovirus yomuntu (B 19)
- Picornaviridae
- I-Poliovirus (Poliomyelitis)
- I-Poxvirus (igciwane lesifo se-molluscum esithathelwanayo)
- I-Rhinovirus
- I-Rotavirus
- Abakwa-SARS
- Igciwane le-Variola (Ingxibongo)
- Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza (Igciwane Lomzimba Lokungasebenzi)
- Igciwane le-Belgrade (noma i-Dobrava)
- Igciwane leBhanja
- Igciwane le-BK ne-JC
- Igciwane leBunyamwera
- Igciwane le-Coxsackie
- Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr
- Igciwane le-hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC)
- Igciwane le-lymphocytic choriomeningitis (ezinye izinhlobo)
- Igciwane le-lymphocytic choriomeningitis (izingqinamba ze-neurotropic)
- Igciwane le-California encephalitis
- Igciwane lesifo saseNewcastle
- Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) izinhlobo zamagciwane u-A, B no-C
- Igciwane le-Hepatitis A (uhlobo lwe-enterovirus lomuntu 72)
- Izinhlobo zegciwane le-Parainfluenza 1 kuya ku-4
- Igciwane le-Varicella Zoster (Varicella)
- Igciwane lesifo
- Igciwane le-Lassa
- Imasisi igciwane
- Igciwane le-Dhori ne-Thogoto
- Igciwane le-Echo
- Igciwane le-Flexal
- Igciwane le-Germiston
- Igciwane le-Guanarito
- Igciwane leJunin
- Igciwane le-lymphotropic lomuntu B (HBLV-HHV6)
- Igciwane le-Machupo
- Igciwane le-Mopeia
- Igciwane le-Oropouche
- Igciwane leProspect Hill
- Igciwane lePuumala
- i-Respiratory syncytial virus
- Igciwane le-Sabia
- Igciwane leSeoul
- Igciwane elingenagama (phambilini elalinguMuerto Canyon)
