A ukwazi kungumzimba wolwazi mayelana nomkhakha othile wokutadisha. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zolwazi ezihlukaniswa ngokuya ngesihloko noma isihloko ababhekana naso noma abasifundayo. Ngokwesibonelo: ulwazi lwefilosofi, ulwazi lwezenkolo, ulwazi lwesayensi.
Lolu lwazi lutholwa ngokutadisha noma ngokuhlangenwe nakho futhi lungaqanjwa noma lusebenze. Zisetshenziselwa ukwazi nokuhumusha iqiniso, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukwazi ukusebenza kwezinhlelo nezinqubo.
- Ulwazi lwefilosofi
Ulwazi lwefilosofi lubandakanya ulwazi nokutadisha imibuzo ethile eyisisekelo njengolwazi, iqiniso, isimilo, ukuba khona komuntu.
Ifilosofi isebenzisa isizathu ukuphendula imibuzo ngomuntu noma umhlaba. Ngokwesibonelo: Siyaphi? Iyini injongo yokuphila? Ulwazi lwefilosofi luhlukaniswe ngamagatsha amaningi, njengokuziphatha kanye ne-metaphysics.
Ahlukaniswe nesayensi ngoba awasekelwe emaqinisweni aphathekayo, futhi ahlukile olwazini lwezenkolo ngoba asebenzisa ukucabanga njengesisekelo futhi ancike emandleni omuntu okuveza.
- Ulwazi lwesayensi
Ulwazi lwesayensi lutholwa ngokwazi nokuphenya iqiniso ngokusebenzisa indlela yesayensi, lapho kwenziwa khona umzamo wokuveza isizathu sezinto nokuguqulwa kwazo. Ngokwesibonelo: Ngo-1928, u-Alexander Fleming wathola i-penicillin ngenkathi efunda amasiko amabhaktheriya; UGregor Mendel uthole imithetho yefa lezakhi zofuzo ngokufunda ngokuzalaniswa kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngendlela yesayensi, kuphakanyiswa i-hypothesis mayelana neqiniso elizama ukuqinisekiswa ngamandla ngokubuka, ubufakazi kanye nokuhlola. Kule nqubo, izimpendulo eziningi noma azitholakali. Indlela yesayensi kufanele ibe nenhloso, igxile futhi iqaphe kakhulu. Ukuyichaza kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ulimi lobuchwepheshe nolunembile. Ngale ndlela kwenziwa imithetho yesayensi nemibono.
Ulwazi lwesayensi lungahlukaniswa lube ngamandla (lezo ezihlobene neqiniso) njengezesayensi yemvelo, isayensi yezenhlalo, i-physics kanye ne-biology; futhi okusemthethweni, okubandakanya izibalo kanye nengqondo.
- Kungakusiza: Izinyathelo zendlela yesayensi
- Ulwazi olujwayelekile
Ulwazi olujwayelekile noma ulwazi olungcolile yilolo lwazi olususelwa kulwazi olutholwe umuntu ngamunye. Zikhona ngokuzenzakalela kubo bonke abantu.
Njengoba zisuselwa kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu, imvamisa ziwulwazi oluzithobayo futhi azidingi ukuqinisekiswa. Zigcwala imizwa, imikhuba namasiko omuntu ngamunye ikakhulukazi, kususelwa olwazini kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho abakutholayo empilweni yabo yosuku nosuku. Ziwulwazi oludumile oluvame ukudluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Ngokwesibonelo:izinkolelo ezifana nokuthi: "amakati amnyama aletha ibhadi".
- Kungakusiza: Ulwazi lwezobuciko
- Ulwazi lobuchwepheshe
Ulwazi lobuchwepheshe lugxile olwazini lomsebenzi othile owenziwa ngumuntu oyedwa noma abaningi. Zihlobene nolwazi lwesayensi. Lolu hlobo lolwazi lutholakala ngokufunda noma ngokuhlangenwe nakho futhi lungadluliselwa kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye. Ngokwesibonelo: futhil ukusetshenziswa lathe ezimbonini; ukuhlanza injini yemoto.
- Ulwazi lwezenkolo
Ulwazi lwezenkolo luyisethi yezinkolelo ezisuselwa okholweni nasezimfundisweni zokwazi nokuchaza ezinye zezinto eziyiqiniso. Lesi setha solwazi sivame ukudluliselwa sisuka kwesinye isizukulwane siye kwesinye futhi sakha izivumokholo ezakha izisekelo zezinkolo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo: UNkulunkulu wadala umhlaba ngezinsuku eziyisikhombisa; iTorah yincwadi ephefumulelwe nguNkulunkulu. Ulwazi lwezenkolo luvame ukusekela izinkolelo zalo ebukhoneni bokuthile noma unkulunkulu ophakeme.
Lolu lwazi aludingi ukuqinisekiswa okunengqondo noma okunamandla, ngoba kuthathwa njengeqiniso yibo bonke labo abathi banesivumo sokholo esithile. Baphendula imibuzo efana nokudalwa komhlaba, ukuba khona komuntu, impilo emva kokufa.
- Ulwazi lobuciko
Ulwazi lobuciko yilolo lapho kwenziwa khona ukulandisa kweqiniso okuyisisekelo, ngaphandle kokubheka izizathu zokukuchaza. Lolu lwazi luhlukile futhi luyimfihlo. Zidlulisa imizwa nendlela yokuzithoba yomuntu ngamunye ukubona nokwazisa okubazungezile. Ngokwesibonelo: inkondlo, amagama esihlabelelo.
Ulwazi olusebenzisa ubuciko bomuntu siqu namandla okudlulisela umuntu ngamunye. Kwenzeka kusukela esemncane futhi kungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Qhubeka: Izinto zokwaziswa
