-Delile
Isethi yalokho okuthiwa Isayensi yezenhlalo Kwakhiwe uchungechunge lwemikhakha eyenziwayo, ngokombono wesayensi noma ngokwesayensi ngangokunokwenzeka, i ukutadisha kwamaqembu abantu kanye nobudlelwano bawo bezinto ezibonakalayo nobungabonakali emphakathini. Inhloso yalo ukuthola imithetho yezenhlalo etholakala ezikhungweni ezahlukene nasezinhlanganweni zabantu, ngokususelwa olwazini lwe- ukuziphatha komuntu ngamunye nokuhlanganyela.
Njengoba kunikezwe izinkinga zabo ezihlukile zendlela, le sethi yezifundo ihlukaniswa, ekuhlelweni kwemikhakha yolwazi, kusuka ku- isayensi ehlelekile noma yemvelo, onesibopho sokutadisha imithetho elawula imvelo (njengezibalo, i-physics, i-chemistry, njll.) ngokusebenzisa indlela engavumelani noma yokudonsa.
Yize befisa isikhundla sesayensi ephelele, iSocial Sciences kuhilela ukubonisana nokuxoxisana ngempikiswano, ngakho-ke kunempikiswano ende yokuthi yini amaSocial Sciences nokuthi yini ngempela eyi- a isayensi, noma yiziphi izidingo okufanele inkambu yolwazi kumele ibhekwe kanjalo.
Iqiniso ukuthi ukutadisha kokuziphatha komuntu akuhambisani nendlela nezindlela zokukala ukuziphatha komuntu. Isayensi yemvelo futhi bafuna uhlelo lwabo lokuhlola nokuqonda.
Bhekafuthi: Izibonelo Zesayensi Nobuchwepheshe
Izinhlobo Zesayensi Yezenhlalo
Ngokubanzi, iSayensi Yezenhlalakahle ingahlukaniswa ngokwendawo oyithandayo, okungukuthi:
- Isayensi ehlobene nokuxhumana komphakathi. Indawo yakhe enentshisekelo eyakhiwe ubudlelwano obenzeka ngaphakathi naphakathi kwemiphakathi yabantu.
- Isayensi ehlobene nohlelo lokuqonda lomuntu. Bafunda izindlela zokuxhumana, ukufunda, ezenhlalo nokwakheka komqondo ngakunye. Kwamanye amazwe babhekwa njengengxenye yomkhakha wobuntu, kunalokho.
- Isayensi ehlobene nokuvela kwemiphakathi. Babheka amaphethini nezitayela emlandweni wemiphakathi futhi bagcina irekhodi lezindlela nokuthambekela komthethosisekelo wabo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akukho ukuhlukaniswa okusobala nokungaphikiseki kweSayensi Yezenhlalakahle, kepha kunalokho iqoqo lemikhakha yolwazi engakwazi ukuyihlela kabusha kanye nezingxoxo eziqhubekayo.
Bhekafuthi: Yini amaSayensi Eqiniso?
Izibonelo ezivela kuSocial Sciences
Ohlobo lokuqala:
- I-Anthropology. Isiyalo esifisa ukutadisha umuntu ngokombono ohlanganisiwe, sisebenzisa amathuluzi wezici zombili zeSocial and Natural Sciences.
- Izincwadi (kanye neSayensi Yomtapo Wezincwadi). Eyaziwa nangokuthi iSayensi Yezokwazisa, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kufundwe izindlela zokufaka nokuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto ezibhaliwe, hhayi izincwadi kanye nomagazini kuphela.
- Kwesokudla. Isayensi igqugquzele ukutadisha izindlela zoku-oda kanye nenqubo yezomthetho enquma indlela yokuziphatha lapho kubuswa imiphakathi ehlukene.
- Ezomnotho. Ukufundwa kwezindlela zokuphathwa, ukusatshalaliswa, ukushintshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezimpahla kanye nokwaneliseka kwezidingo zabantu kusuka kusethi ethile yezakhi.
- I-Ethnography. Isiyalo esizinikele esifundweni esihlelekile samasiko namaqembu ahlukene omphakathi, athathwa ezimweni eziningi njengegatsha le-anthropology yezenhlalo noma i-anthropology yamasiko. Kubhekwa futhi njengendlela yocwaningo ye-ethnology.
- Isimilo. Futhi inikezelwe ekutadisheni kwabantu nezizwe zabantu, kepha kusungulwa ubudlelwano bokuqhathanisa phakathi kwemiphakathi yanamuhla neyasendulo.
- Ezenhlalo. Isayensi ezinikele ekutadisheni izinhlaka nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo zemiphakathi eyahlukahlukene yabantu, ihlale izicubungula ngokomlando namasiko ayo.
- Ubugebengu. Eyaziwa nangokuthi isayensi yobugebengu, izinikele ekutadisheni amaphethini wokuziphatha ahambisana nobugebengu nobugebengu, okungukuthi, ukuqhekeka kohlaka lomthetho lomphakathi wesintu onikeziwe.
- Ezombusazwe. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi iSayensi Yezepolitiki noma Ithiyori Yezepolitiki, kuyisayensi yezenhlalo efunda ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zikahulumeni nemithetho yabantu, kokubili endulo nasesikhathini samanje.
Ohlobo lwesibili:
- Izilimi. Emazweni amaningi athathwa njengesayensi yobuntu noma umkhakha wobuntu, kuyisiyalo esizinikele ekutadisheni nasekuqondeni izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuxhumana kwabantu: kokubili ngamazwi nangamazwi.
- Psychology. Isayensi ezinikele ekutadisheni kokuziphatha komuntu kanye nomthethosisekelo we-psyche, zombili ngokombono wayo wezenhlalo nowomphakathi, kanye nangokomuntu ngamunye nocabangayo. Amathuluzi alo amaningi avela eMedicine.
- Ezemfundo. Ukwatapheya ekutadisheni kwezindlela zokuthola ulwazi nezindlela noma izikhungo zalo ezakhiwe ngumuntu.
Ohlobo lwesithathu:
- Imivubukulo. Ihlose ukutadisha ngokuhlelekile izinguquko ezenzeke emiphakathini yasendulo, ngokususelwa kokusalele kokuqukethwe okulondolozwe kubo.
- Izibalo zabantu. Isayensi inhloso yayo ukuqonda kwezibalo zezakhiwo namandla asetshenziswayo atholakala emiphakathini yabantu, kufaka phakathi izinqubo zazo zokwakheka, ukulondolozwa nokunyamalala.
- Imvelo yabantu. Isiyalo esifundisisa ubudlelwano bemvelo nobenhlalo phakathi komphakathi wesintu nemvelo. Kuvame ukubhekwa njengegatsha le-Sociology.
- IJografi. Isayensi ephethe ukumelwa okucacile kobuso bomhlaba, kanye nencazelo yokuqukethwe kwawo okungumuntu, okungokwemvelo nokungokwemvelo. Inikelwe ekutadisheni ubudlelwano bangempela noma bokucabanga obukhona phakathi kwezifunda ezahlukahlukene lapho iplanethi ihlukaniswe khona. Uvame ukubanjwa ngabantu, futhi.
- Umlando. Kukhona impikiswano yamanje kakhulu maqondana nokuthi ungowakuphi noma cha uMlando kumaSocial Sciences. Kunoma ikuphi, kuphethe ucwaningo ngesikhathi semiphakathi yabantu kanye nezinhlobo zabo zokuxhumana, izinqubo zabo nemicimbi ebabonakalisile.
Ingakusebenzela: Izibonelo zeSayensi Yemvelo empilweni yansuku zonke
