-Delile
- Izintaba-mlilo ezilele, ezisebenzayo nezingasekho
- Isakhiwo nezingxenye zentaba-mlilo
- Izintaba-mlilo zakhiwa kanjani?
I-izintaba-mlilo yimifudlana eseMhlabeni, futhi exhumanisa ubuso bomhlaba nezingqimba ezishisayo nezingaphakathi zeplanethi.
Kungokunye kokubonakaliswa okungenhla nokukha phezulu kwamandla angaphakathi eplanethi, futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kudaleke intaba-mlilo, emelwe yi ukukhuphuka kwamagesi noketshezi olusuka phakathi komhlaba luye koqweqwe lomhlaba.
Izintaba-mlilo ezilele, ezisebenzayo nezingasekho
Inqubo intaba-mlilo engakhulumisana ngayo nengaphandle ibizwa ngokuthi ukuqhuma, futhi ingafaka imicimbi yokubhujiswa okunamandla kakhulu komphakathi ohlala eduze kwentaba-mlilo.
- I-izintabamlilo ezisebenzayo yilabo abathi ngezikhathi ezithile basebenze, futhi isayensi ibingakakwazi ukubikezela ngokuthembekile lokhu kuqhuma. Yize kunenqwaba yezintaba-mlilo emhlabeni, zingama-500 kuphela eziseqenjini elisebenzayo.
- I-izintaba-mlilo ezingasebenzi yilabo abagcina izimpawu ezithile zomsebenzi, kepha isikhathi eside kakhulu (iminyaka engama-25,000) azikaze ziqhume.
- I-izintaba-mlilo ezingasekho Yilezo ebezingasebenzi isikhathi esithile, futhi azibonisi zimpawu zokukwazi ukwenza kusebenze futhi.
Isakhiwo nezingxenye zentaba-mlilo
Izinga lokushisa nokucindezela kwezintaba-mlilo kuyakhuphuka ngokuya ngokujula kakhulu, futhi kungabikwa amazinga okushisa acishe abe ngu-5000 ° C, okunikeza isici esijwayelekile sezintaba-mlilo ezishisa kakhulu.
- Iphuzu elishisa kakhulu lentaba-mlilo i- i-nucleus, lapho izinto ziziphatha njengoketshezi.
- I- ingubo Kuyingxenye emaphakathi, futhi kuveza amazinga okushisa angaphezu kwe-1000 ° C ngokuziphatha okuqinile.
- Ekugcineni, ibizwa ICortex kusendlalelo sangaphandle esixhumana nemvelo.
Ngaphandle kwale mikhakha emithathu, izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zesakhiwo sentaba-mlilo ziyahlukaniswa:
- Isigaxa se-volcanic: Sakhiwa ingcindezi yemagma njengoba ikhuphuka.
- Igumbi le-Magmatic: Isikhwama sitholakale ngaphakathi komhlaba, senziwe ngamaminerali namatshe esimweni soketshezi.
- I-Crater: Umlomo lapho ukuqhuma kungenzeka khona.
- I-Fumarole: Ukukhishwa kwegesi emanzini.
- I-Lava: iMagma ekhuphuka ifinyelela phezulu.
- I-Magma: Inhlanganisela yokuqina, uketshezi kanye negesi okuthi, lapho iphakama, kuphakamise udaka.
Izintaba-mlilo zakhiwa kanjani?
I- isizathu esiyinhloko okuthola ukuthi kukhona izintaba-mlilo ukwahlukana kube amapuleti ayishumi nane anengqimba engaphezulu komhlaba: i-Afrika, i-Antarctic, i-Arabia, i-Australia, iCaribbean, iScotland, i-Eurasian, i-Philippine, i-India, i-Juan de Fuca, i-Nazca, i-Pacific, i-North America naseNingizimu Melika.
Phakathi kwawo wonke la macwecwe akha uqweqwe lomhlaba, futhi emaphethelweni awo ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle komsebenzi womhlaba wangaphakathi kugxilwe, ikakhulukazi izintaba-mlilo nokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngokuya ngalokhu, izintaba-mlilo zingaba nemisuka emithathu:
- Kungenzeka ukuthi ukushayisana kwamapuleti kubeke enye ngaphansi kwenye kuze kufike ekujuleni lapho kunciphisa khona amanzi noma kuncibilika: kulokhu kukhiwa i-magma ekhuphuka ezimpondweni bese kuqhuma intaba-mlilo, njengasezintabeni-mlilo zasePeru.
- Imisinga ehambisa umhlaba enomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezinhlayiya zemagma enyukayo, eveza izintaba-mlilo zemvelo eyisisekelo (ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-basalts). Lezi yizintaba-mlilo ezishisayo.
- Lezo zindawo lapho amapuleti e-tectonic ehlukana khona komunye nomunye abizwa ngemingcele ehlukanisayo, futhi abangela ukuthi uqweqwe lwasolwandle lunwebeke futhi luhlukane, kwakheke indawo ebuthakathaka. Ngalolo hlangothi, kungenzeka ukuthi i-magma ivele, ikhiqize ingubo engenhla yentaba-mlilo, njengoba kwenzeka onqenqemeni lwe-Atlantic.
