-Delile
- Izici
- Isakhiwo se-S.O
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza
- Umlando weWindows
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Intanethi
Kuyinto OS leyo sethi yezinhlelo ezivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi enze umsebenzi owodwa noma eminingi kukhompyutha. Ngale ndlela, isistimu yokusebenza ingumxhumanisi phakathi komsebenzisi nekhompyutha, okuyi- isoftware eyisisekelo enikezela ukuxhumana phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye izinhlelo namadivayisi wehadiwe (njenge-monitor, ikhibhodi, izipikha noma imakrofoni).
Izici
Ngale ndlela, imisebenzi eza nayo yonke uhlelo lokusebenza ifezekile miningana, kepha okokuqala kugqamile, okuyi- qalisa i-hardware wekhompyutha; kamuva nikeza imizila eyisisekelo ukulawula amadivayisi; phatha, hlela kabusha futhi uhlanganyele imisebenzi komunye nomunye; futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke gcina ubuqotho bohlelo. Kokubili izinsongo (amagciwane) namathuluzi wokuvikela (i-antivirus) enzelwe ngokunembile ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Isakhiwo se-S.O
Empeleni, ukwakheka kohlelo lokusebenza kwakhiwa 'izendlalelo' ezinhlanu noma izigaba ezinkulu, ngasinye sazo sinochungechunge lwemisebenzi ehambisanayo:
- I- i-nucleus Kuyithuluzi elilawula zonke izinqubo, eliphethe ukugcina ithrekhi yazo zonke izimpahla nokuzihlela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhethwa kwesikhathi seprosesa esizothathwa yilowo nalowo, ngakho-ke yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu okumele sibe nokuhlakanipha okuningi.
- Okokufaka okuyisisekelo nokukhiphayo ihlinzeka ngemisebenzi yakudala ehlotshaniswa nokuphathwa kwememori yesibili, ukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi adingekayo okuthola nokuhumusha amabhlogo wedatha kwi-hard disk, kepha ngaphandle kokunikeza imininingwane eminingi.
- I- ukuphathwa kwememori ilawula inkumbulo ye-RAM, yabela futhi ikhulule izinqubo engxenyeni yememori yekhompyutha.
- I- uhlelo lokufaka inikeza imisebenzi edingekayo yokugcina imininingwane kumafayela.
- Isigaba sokugcina yi- utolika womyalo, lapho isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi sitholakala khona. Lokhu kuyapheleliswa futhi kwalungiswa ngokuya ngenduduzo yabasebenzisi.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukanisa nokuhlukanisa izinhlelo zokusebenza. Imibandela izofakwa kuhlu ngezansi, bese kuthi amaqembu ahlukene akhiwe ngokuya ngawo:
- Ngokuya ngemodi yokuphathwa komsebenzi:
- IMontask: Ungagijima eyodwa kuphela ngesikhathi. Ayikwazi ukuphazamisa izinqubo ezenziwayo.
- Imisebenzi eminingi: Iyakwazi ukwenza izinqubo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Iyakwazi ukwabela izinsiza ngokunye kuzinqubo ezizicelayo, ukuze umsebenzisi abone ukuthi zonke zisebenza ngasikhathi sinye.
- Ngokuya ngemodi yokuphatha yabasebenzisi:
- Umsebenzisi oyedwa: Kuvumela kuphela izinhlelo zomunye umsebenzisi ukuthi zisebenze ngasikhathi sinye.
- Abasebenzisi abaningi: Uma uvumela abasebenzisi abaningi ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zabo ngasikhathi sinye, ukufinyelela izinsiza zekhompyutha ngasikhathi sinye.
- Ngokwendlela yokuphathwa kwezinsizakusebenza:
- Okuphakathi: Uma ivumela ukusebenzisa izinsiza zekhompyutha eyodwa.
- Kusatshalalisiwe: Uma uvumela ukusebenzisa izinsizakusebenza zekhompyutha engaphezu kweyodwa ngasikhathi sinye.
Umlando weWindows
Kunikezwa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza emakethe, ngayinye enezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo. Phakathi kwakho konke, uhlelo oludume kakhulu Amawindi, eyasungulwa ngo-1975 nguBill Gates futhi yethula inguqulo yokuqala yohlelo lokusebenza oluguquke ngokushesha futhi lwafaka imisebenzi. Uhlobo lokuqala lwakhishwa ngo-1981 lunemisebenzi embalwa, kepha kuphela eminyakeni emine kamuva uhlelo lwaduma kunguqulo yokuqala ye-Windows, 1.0.
Kusuka lapho izinzuzo bezikhula ngejubane lomchazi, kanye nezinguqulo zeWindows ezifana no-98, 2000 noma XP zazithandwa kakhulu: okwakamuva kakhulu yi- IWindows 7, yethulwa ngo-2008 ngentuthuko ephawulekayo njengokusekelwa kwama-hard drive abonakalayo nokusebenza okuthuthukile kuma-processor we-multicore. Okufanayo kwenzeka ngokuthuthuka kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, phakathi kwazo uhlelo oluvulekile lweLinux.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Intanethi
Vele, incazelo ejwayelekile yezinhlelo zokusebenza yandulela ukuba khona kwe I-inthanethi, eza ukuhlela kabusha wonke umbono onawo kumakhompyutha. Izinhlelo ezihlukile zokusebenza zingahle zinikeze uhlelo olulodwa lwe-Intanethi, lapho konke kuncike 'efwini'. Ngale ndlela, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhompyutha bekuzoshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ngoba bekungeke kudingeke ukulanda noma ukufaka noma yiluphi uhlobo lohlelo, njengoba kwenzeka kumaseva afana ne-Orkut.
Ngokuya ngobukhona benethiwekhi ye-Intanethi, kuvulwa isigaba esisha sezinhlelo zokusebenza, kubhekiswa endleleni abasebenzisi abathola ngayo izinsiza: izinhlelo zokusebenza kwenethiwekhi yilabo abanekhono lokuxhumana nezinhlelo ezisebenza zamanye amakhompyutha ukuze babelane ngolwazi, ngenkathi kusatshalaliswa izinhlelo zokusebenza zihlanganisa izinsizakalo zenethiwekhi, kepha futhi zihlanganisa izinsizakusebenza kumshini owodwa obonakalayo umsebenzisi afinyelela kuwo ngendlela esobala.
