Khomba. Ichashazi njengesibonakaliso sokubhala libizwa ngokuthi "inkathi". Uma isetshenziselwa amakheli e-imeyili noma e-inthanethi, ibizwa ngokuthi "ichashazi."
Iphoyinti lisetshenziswa kaningi. Enye yazo ukukhomba izifinyezo nama-akhronimi.
- Mnumzane Smith othandekayo / Mnumzane Smith othandekayo
- Bafika ngo-9 ekuseni. / Bafike ngo-9 ekuseni
- Le nkondlo ibhalwe ngu-E. E. Cummings. / Le nkondlo ibhalwe ngu-E. E. Cumming.
Isikhathi futhi silandelwe ngesiNgisi: Uma inkathi isetshenziswa njengenkathi elandelwa esiNgisini ibizwa nge “full stop”. Ingabizwa futhi ngokuthi “inkathi”, kepha ukukhombisa umsebenzi wayo othize (ngokwesibizelo) igama elithi “isitobhi esigcwele” liyancomeka, ngoba “inkathi” isetshenziswa ikakhulu esitobhini esigcwele, okusho ukuthi, kusetshenziswe ukuhlukanisa izigaba.
Isetshenziselwa ukumaka ukuphela komusho uma kungewona umbuzo noma isibabazo.
- Ithelevishini ivuliwe. / I-TV ivuliwe.
- Ngicela iqatha lekhekhe. / Ngingathanda ingxenye yokunamathisela.
- Uthanda ukuya ebhayisikobho. / Wayethanda ukuya kuma-movie.
- Umculo uphakeme kakhulu. / Umculo ukhala kakhulu.
Yidla: esiNgisini ibizwa nge- “comma”.
Kusetshenziselwe ukukhombisa ikhefu elifushane emshweni.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo: ukwehlukanisa izinto zochungechunge.
- Phakathi kwezipho bekukhona onodoli, ikhishi lokudlala, amalokwe nomdlwane. / Phakathi kwezipho bekukhona onodoli, ikhishi lokudlala, amalokwe kanye nomdlwane.
- Abangane bami abakhulu ngu-Andrew, Michael noJohn. / Abangani bami abakhulu ngu-Andrew, Michael noJohn.
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izichasiso ezihlanganisiwe ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. EsiNgisini, akuzona zonke izichasiso ezinesimo esifanayo emshweni. Kepha izichasiso ezihlanganisiwe yilezo ezingashintshaniswa ngokulandelana.
- UBobby ungumfana ojabulayo, ohlekisayo futhi okhaliphile. / UBobby ungumfana ojabulayo, ohlekisayo nohlakaniphile.
Iphinde isetshenziswe lapho wethula inkulumo eqondile.
- UStephen watshela umphathi, "awunalo ilungelo lokukhuluma nathi kanjalo."
- "Woza," kusho u-Angela, "sisengaba abangane."
Ukucacisa, okungukuthi, ukwethula izinto ezingabalulekile emshweni. Ukhefana usetshenziswe ngaphambi nangemva kwemishwana, amabinzana namagama acacisayo.
- ULaura, u-anti wami engimthandayo, uzogubha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa kusasa. / ULaura, u-anti wami engimthandayo, uzogubha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa kusasa.
Ukuhlukanisa izinto ezimbili ezingafani.
- UMichael ungumzala wami, hhayi umfowethu. / UMichael ungumzala wami, hhayi umfowethu.
Ukuhlukanisa izigaba ezingaphansi:
- Isitolo sekhofi besigcwele, bekufanele baye kwenye indawo. / I-cafe ibigcwele, bekufanele baye kwenye indawo.
Uma umbuzo uphendulwa ngo- "yebo" noma "cha", usetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa u- "yebo" noma "cha" komunye umusho.
- Cha, angicabangi ukuthi unamanga. / Cha, angicabangi ukuthi uqamba amanga.
- Yebo, ngingajabula ukukusiza ngomsebenzi wakho wesikole. / Yebo, kuzoba injabulo ukukusiza ngomsebenzi wakho wesikole.
Amaphuzu amabili: ngesiNgisi ibizwa ngokuthi "colon".
Kusetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuthandana (njengenye indlela yekhefana). Kulezi zimo, kusetshenziswa nezimpawu zokucaphuna, ezibizwa ngokuthi “amamaki wokucaphuna”.
- Wathi kimi: "Ngizokwenza konke okusemandleni ukubasiza." / Wangitshela: "Ngizokwenza konke okusemandleni ukukusiza."
- Uyazi ukuthi bathini: "Qaphela ukuthi ufiselani." / Uyazi ukuthi bathini: "qaphela ukuthi ufisela ini."
Asetshenziselwa ukufaka uhlu:
- Lolu hlelo lubandakanya zonke izinsiza: ezokuthutha ezisuka esikhumulweni sezindiza, ukufinyelela echibini lokubhukuda, i-spa, konke ukudla nendawo yokuhlala. / Lolu hlelo lubandakanya yonke imisebenzi: izinto zokuhamba ezisuka esikhumulweni sezindiza, ukungena echibini, i-spa, konke ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.
Futhi ukwethula ukucaciswa:
- Ngemuva kwamahora amaningi, bathola inkinga ophahleni: amathayili ayenemifantu emincane kakhulu engabonakali, kepha lokho kungenisa imvula. / Ngemuva kwamahora amaningi, bathola inkinga ophahleni: amathayili ayenemifantu emincane kakhulu engabonakali kepha avumela imvula ukuthi ingene.
Isemikholoni: ngesiNgisi ibizwa ngokuthi “semicolon”.
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa imibono emibili ehambisanayo kodwa ehlukile.
- Bayeka ukuqashelwa imibukiso emisha; izethameli zazingafuni ukuzwa izingoma ezifanayo futhi; izintatheli azisabhalanga ngazo. / Bayeke ukuqashelwa imibukiso emisha; umphakathi awufunanga ukuzwa izingoma ezifanayo futhi; izintatheli azisabhalanga ngazo.
- Kule ndawo izindlu ezindala futhi zikanokusho; amafulethi wokwakha makhulu futhi anamafasitela amakhulu okuvumela ukukhanya kungene. / Kule ndawo izindlu zindala futhi zinhle; amafulethi akulezi zakhiwo avulekile futhi anamafasitela amakhulu okukhanyisa kuwo.
Kuyasetshenziswa futhi en ukubalulwa lapho okhefana bevela ngaphakathi kwezinto ezifakwe kuhlu.
- Ukusuka emnyuziyamu hamba amamitha angamakhulu amabili uze ufike epaki; ngaphandle kokuwela umgwaqo, jikela kwesokudla; hamba amamitha angamakhulu amathathu uze ufike erobhothini; jikela ngakwesokudla bese uthola indawo yokudlela. / Ukusuka emnyuziyamu hamba amamitha angamakhulu amabili uze ufike epaki; ngaphandle kokuwela umgwaqo, jikela kwesokudla; hamba amanye amamitha angamakhulu amathathu uye erobhothini; jikela ngakwesokudla bese uthola indawo yokudlela.
- Sidinga ukuthenga ushokoledi, ukhilimu kanye nama-strawberry ngekhekhe; ham, isinkwa noshizi ngamasemishi; okokuhlanza kanye ne-bleach yokuhlanza; ikhofi, itiye nobisi kwasekuseni. Sidinga ukuthenga ushokoledi, ukhilimu, kanye nama-strawberry ngekhekhe; ham, isinkwa noshizi ngamasemishi; okokuhlanza, izipanji kanye ne-bleach yokuhlanza; ikhofi, itiye nobisi kwasekuseni.
Umbuzo wombuzo ngesingisi: isetshenziselwa ukumaka umbuzo futhi ibizwa ngokuthi “uphawu lombuzo”. EsiNgisini, uphawu lombuzo alusoze lwasetshenziswa ekuqaleni kombuzo kepha ekugcineni kwalo. Uma kusetshenziswa uphawu lombuzo, asikho isikhathi esisetshenziswayo ukukhombisa ukuphela komusho.
- Kungasiphi isikhathi? / Kungasiphi isikhathi?
- Uyazi ukuthi ungafika kanjani kuVictoria Street? / Uyazi ukuthi ungafika kanjani kuVictoria Street?
Isibabazi in English: ngendlela efanayo nezimpawu zombuzo, isetshenziswa kuphela ekugcineni kwebinzana lokumemeza. Ibizwa ngokuthi "uphawu lwesibabazo"
- Le ndawo inkulu kakhulu! / Le ndawo inkulu kakhulu!
- Ngibonga kakhulu! / Ngiyabonga!
Odwi abafushane: Zibizwa nge- “hyphens” futhi zisetshenziselwa ukwehlukanisa izingxenye zamagama ahlanganisiwe.
- Ungumukhwe wami. / Ungumukhwe wami.
- Lesi siphuzo asinashukela. / Lesi siphuzo asinashukela.
Odwi abade: Zibizwa ngokuthi "udwi" futhi zisetshenziswa njengesiginali sengxoxo (inkulumo eqondile), njengenye indlela yezimpawu zokucaphuna.
- - Sawubona Unjani? - Kahle kakhulu, ngiyabonga.
Futhi ukucaciselwa, kufana nokuthi kusetshenziswa kanjani ama-parentheses. Ngokungafani nabakaki, uma besetshenziswa ekugcineni komusho, akudingekile ukubeka udwi wokuvala.
- Ukwakhiwa kudonse iminyaka emibili - kabili njengoba bebelindele. / Ukwakha kuthathe iminyaka emibili - ephindwe kabili kunokulindelekile.
Izikripthi
Ziyindlela yamadeshi amade okucaciselwa. Zisetshenziswa ekuqaleni nasekupheleni, kuzo zonke izimo.
- Umongameli omusha wemukele uMnu. Jones (obekade emsekela kwasekuqaleni) kanye nezinye izivakashi. / UMongameli omusha wamukele uMnu. Jones (owayekade engumsekeli wakhe kwasekuqaleni) kanye nezinye izivakashi.
Apostrophe ngesizulu: Kuyimpawu yokubhala esetshenziswa kakhulu esiNgisini kuneSpanish. Isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukuphambana. Ibizwa nge- "apostrophe."
- Uzobuya ngomzuzu. / Uzobuya ngomzuzu.
- Siya ezitolo. / Siya ezitolo.
- Le yimoto ka-Eliot. / Le yimoto ka-Eliot.
U-Andrea unguthisha wolimi, futhi kwi-akhawunti yakhe ye-Instagram unikeza izifundo eziyimfihlo ngocingo lwevidiyo ukuze ufunde ukukhuluma isiNgisi.
