Ama-oxide ayisisekelo

-Delile

• Isibizo sama-oxide ayisisekelo
• Izibonelo zama-oxide ayisisekelo

I- ama-oxide ayisisekelo, obeye aziwe njengo ama-oxide ensimbi, yilezo ezihlanganisa i-oksijini nensimbi. Njengoba i-oksijini i-electronegative kakhulu futhi izinsimbi zikhetha i-electropositive, isibopho esisungulwe yi-ionic.

I- ifomula ye-elemental lokho kumelela wonke ama-oxide ayisisekelo yi-XO, lapho i-X iyinto yensimbi ne-O oxygen. Ngakunye kwalokhu kungalandelwa okubhaliselwe (ngokuvamile okungu-2 noma okungu-3), okuvela ngokushintshanisa ama-valence (okungukuthi, lokho kwensimbi nalokho komoya-mpilo).

Isibizo sama-oxide ayisisekelo

Igama lesibongo lendabuko: Ama-oxide ayisisekelo aqanjwa ngokusho okokuqala igama elithi “oxide ka” bese kuba igama le-elementi yensimbi, noma i- “oxide” elandelwa isiphawulo okuyigama lengxenye yensimbi enezikhala ezihlukile, njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi:

1. Kuhleloizinsimbi ezinohlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-valence (njenge-sodium noma i-calcium), ingxenye yensimbi yakhiwa njengegama esdrújula elinokuphela kwe- "ico".
2. Ezinsimbi ezikhona izinhlobo ezimbili ze-valence (njengethusi noma i-mercury), uma i-oxide ifaka i-valence ephansi kunazo zonke, igama lensimbi lengezwa ngesijobelelo "ibhere" futhi liyigama elibucayi. Uma ifaka i-valence ephezulu kakhulu, igama lensimbi lengezwa ngesijobelelo "ico" futhi igama esdrújula.
3. Lapho kukhona ama-valence amathathu okungenzeka (njenge-chromium), uma i-oxide ifaka i-valence ephansi kunazo zonke, igama lensimbi lengezwa ngesiqalo esithi "hiccup" kanye nesijobelelo "ibhere", futhi igama eliyigugu. Uma ifaka phakathi i-valence ephakathi, insimbi ibizwa ngegama "ibhere" eligcina futhi kuseyigama eliyigugu, kepha uma ifaka i-valence ephezulu kakhulu, ukuphela "yi-ico" futhi kuyigama le-sdrújula.
4. Insimbi inayo ama-valence amane angaba khona (njengama-manganese), isikimu siyefana nesangaphambilini kwezintathu zokuqala, kepha lapho insimbi ifakwa ku-oxide ne-valence yesine nephakeme kakhulu, igama lensimbi lengezwa nesiqalo "ngakunye" kanye isijobelelo "ico", futhi igama esdrújula.

Isibizo seIsitokoNgaphansi kwalesi siqeshana sesibizo, ama-oxide abhaliwe aqanjwa njenge "oxide of" + metallic element + Roman numeral in parentheses, ekhombisa i-valence lapho i-elementi yensimbi ihlangana khona ne-oxygen.

Isichazamazwi esihleliweOkwamanje kukhethwa yi IUPAC(International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry), umqondo wokuqamba amagama ngokuthi “ama-oxide ka” uyagcinwa, kodwa ukwenza lokho ngokunembile ngokungeza isiqalo sesiGreki esivumelana nenani lama-athomu oksijini (egameni elithi “oxide”) kanye nenombolo yama-athomu ensimbi ( igama lensimbi) eliqukethe i-molecule ngayinye, kusetshenziswa isibaluli "sika" njengebhuloho.

Ama-oxide ayisisekelo asetshenziswa kaningi emithini yokwelapha, upende, izinto zokwakha, amapulasitiki nezinye izimboni.

Izibonelo zama-oxide ayisisekelo

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-oxide:

• Ama-oxide ensimbi
• Ama-oxide we-non-Metallic
• Ama-oxide ama-acid