-Delile
Ukufakwa kwemali kungukuguqulwa kwe- a igesi kwi okuqinile. Kuyinqubo ye-thermodynamic, okusho ukuthi, ivela esenzweni esihlangene nesikanye nesikhathi sokushisa nokucindezela.
Inqubo eguqukayo yokufaka imali yi- Sublimation, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwesimo kusuka kokuqinile kuya esimweni segesi. Kungakho ukufakwa kubizwa nangokuthi i-reverse sublimation.
Njengoba inqubo yokufaka idedela amandla, kuyisimo esibuhlungu (isimo) esishintshayo.
Kunezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokubekwa, ezinye zemvelo (zikhonjiswe ngokuzenzekelayo emvelweni) kanti ezinye zenziwa ngamabomu ngezinqubo zobuchwepheshe ezivumela ukudala izinto izinto ezimsulwa, noma sebenzisa umkhiqizo oqinile ukumboza izinto ezahlukahlukene.
Ukufakwa Kwe-Chemical Vapor Deposition: Inqubo yamakhemikhali yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka okuphezulu nokusebenza.
Ukufakwa Kwe-Vapor Emzimbeni: Kuyindlela yokumboza nge-vacuum evumela ukuthi ungqimba oluncane lwento lubekwe entweni.
Izibonelo zokudiphozitha
- I-anti-reflective- Ukufakwa kwe-Magnesium fluoride kusetshenziswa kumalensi we-optical ukufeza imiphumela elwa nokubonisa.
- Amaseli elanga: ukufakwa kwefilimu kuyasetshenziswa, ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Ukuxhumana kagesi- Ukufakwa kwensimbi kusetshenziselwa ukumboza ukuxhumana kagesi kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe.
- Amadayimane okwenziwa: Akhiqizwa ngama-athomu e-carbon anegesi, ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- I-silicon dioxide: iba eqinile kusuka kumagesi i-silane, i-oxygen, i-dichlorosilane ne-nitrous oxide, ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Ukuqhuba kagesi: amafilimu ensimbi, ama-oxide asobala aqhubayo, ukuqhuba kahle Amafilimu nokumbozwa kudalwa ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Amadivayisi we-Semiconductor: amafilimu e-semiconductor, amafilimu wokuvikela ugesi asetshenziswa ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Isithwathwa: Emoyeni oyiqhwa elingaphansi, umhwamuko wamanzi ushintsha uqonde ngqo eqhweni, ngaphandle kokuphenduka uketshezi.
- Amathuluzi- Ukufakwa kwe-titanium nitride kusetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukugqokwa kwamathuluzi.
- Ukongiwa kwamandla nokukhiqizwa kwamandla: Ukumbozwa kwengilazi oku-Low-E, ukumbozwa kwelanga, izibuko, amaseli amancane amafilimu we-photovoltaic elanga, amafilimu ahlakaniphile asetshenziswa ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Imvula ene-asidi: izinsalela ze-sulfur oxide ne-nitrogen zikhishelwa emkhathini yizimboni ezahlukahlukene, lapho ziguqulwa zibe yi-nitric ne-sulfuric acid. Lezi zinto ziwela njengezinhlayiya eziqinile emhlabathini (ukubekwa okomile) noma kanye nemvula noma iqhwa. Imvula ene-asidi inemiphumela eyingozi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zemvelo, emanzini nasemhlabeni, ngaphezu kokukhulisa ukugqwala kwezakhiwo.
- Isithwathwa: Emoyeni oyiqhwa elingaphansi, umhwamuko wamanzi ushintsha uqonde ngqo eqhweni, ungabi lapho ketshezi.
- I-nitride ye-Silicon: iba eqinile kusuka ku-silicon ne-ammonia, ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Amafilimu Magnetic: isetshenziswa ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Amafilimu wokubonisa: ukumbozwa okulwa nokukhombisa, izihlungi ezibonakalayo zingasetshenziswa kwimikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-optical (izithombe, ukuqopha ifilimu, umbono) ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- I-Plisilicon: iba eqinile kusuka kugesi we-silane, ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Ukugqoka ngokweqile: ukumbozwa kanzima, ukumbozwa kokuguguleka kwenhlabathi, amafilimu okuthambisa adalwa ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Izingubo zokubonisa: izibuko, izibuko ezishisayo zingenziwa ngokufakwa kwamakhemikhali.
- Ingakusebenzela:Izibonelo zeFusion, Solidification, Evaporation, Sublimation and Condensation
