Ama-lipids

-Delile

• Yimuphi umsebenzi abawufezayo?
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-lipids namafutha
• Ukubamba iqhaza kokudla kanye nokokweqisa
• Izifo zokugcina
• Izibonelo zama-lipids
• Imininingwane engaphezulu?

I- lipids Bayingxenye yokudla kwawo wonke umuntu, ikakhulukazi ingxenye evame ukunikezwa ngu amafutha, okuyinto kanye ne ama-carbohydrate umele umthombo omkhulu wamandla omzimba.

I- lipids Angama-molecule e-organic akhiwe kakhulu nge-carbon ne-hydrogen, futhi isici sawo esiyinhloko ukuthi awancibiliki emanzini kepha ancibilika kwamanye. izinhlanganisela eziphilayo njenge-benzine ne-chloroform.

Yimuphi umsebenzi abawufezayo?

Ngalo mqondo, kungashiwo ukuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko we-lipids unamandlaZiyindlela enhle kakhulu yokugcina amandla: okuqukethwe kwawo kwekhalori kungama-kilocalori ayi-10 ngegramu ngayinye.

Kodwa-ke, ama-lipids nawo anomsebenzi ngaphakathi komzimba njengoba Indawo ebekelwe amanzi, njengoba benesilinganiso esikhulu sokuncipha kunama-carbohydrate.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- isitoreji sokushisa Ihlobene futhi nama-lipids, kanye nokwakheka okuhlukahlukene, kolwazi noma okhuthazayo lomzimba.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-lipids namafutha

Ukuhlukaniswa okuvame kakhulu okwenziwe ngama-lipids kuphakathi kwe- saponifiable kanye ne- ayinakuphikiswa: okwedlule kuhlelwe ezintweni eziphilayo kusuka ekubekeni okulandelanayo kwamayunithi ama-athomu amabili ekhabhoni, kuyilapho lezi zamuva zihlanganiswa zisuka kuyunithi eyisisekelo yama-athomu ayisihlanu ekhabhoni.

Eqenjini lama-saponifiable kunama-acid anamafutha, nawo avame ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kokugcwala nokungagcwali. I- Amafutha anelisiwe yilezo ezinemvelaphi yezilwane, ngenkathi amafuthaengenasaturated yilabo abaphuma kwimifino, futhi basebenzise okunempilo lapho befaka okugcwele.

Ukubamba iqhaza kokudla kanye nokokweqisa

Ngokudla kwabantu, kunconywa ukuthi amafutha faka phakathi kwamaphesenti angamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amathathu yezidingo zamandla zansuku zonke.

Kodwa-ke, umzimba awusebenzisi ngokulinganayo zonke izinhlobo zamafutha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusho ukuthi umzimba kufanele ube namafutha agcwele amaphesenti ayi-10, amaphesenti angama-5 amafutha angagcwali, namafutha we-polyunsaturated ayi-5.

Uma udla inani elikhulu lamafutha kunalokho okunconyiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi isengezo ngokusetshenziswa kwezinye izakhamzimba ugcina weqe umkhawulo wamakholori anconyiwe. Uma, esikhundleni salokho, okwenzekayo kuyi- ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamafutha agcwele, Okunyukayo ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Izifo zokugcina

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezifo eziningana ezingabonakala ngenxa yokugcina ama-lipids kwezinye amaseli futhi izicubu zomzimba.

Okuvamile kakhulu isifo se-gaucher, okudalwa ukuntuleka kwe-enzyme glucocerebrosidase, futhi kuthinta abesilisa nabesifazane ngokulinganayo. Ezinye izifo zalolu hlobo yilezo Niemann-Pick, Fabbry's noma i-gangliosidosis.

Zonke lezi zifo zikhona ifa, njengoba abazali bephethe isakhi sofuzo esingalungile lokho ilawula iphrotheni ikakhulukazi ekilasini le- amangqamuzana omzimba. Yize ukwelashwa kwalezi zifo ezimweni eziningi kungakatholakali, a ukwelashwa esikhundleni se-enzyme, noma ukumpontshelwa igazi.

Izibonelo zama-lipids

Uhlu olulandelayo luhlanganisa nokudla okuqukethe i-lipid kakhulu:

Imininingwane engaphezulu?

• Izibonelo Zamafutha
• Izibonelo zama-carbohydrate
• Amaprotheni Izibonelo
• Izibonelo Zokulandelela Izinto