Umlobi:
Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa:
16 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku:
13 Mhlawumbe 2024
-Delile
I- izinzwa Yizingqamuzana zemizwa, okungukuthi, lezo ezakha ubuchopho nalo lonke uhlelo lwezinzwa. Lawa maseli axhumana nomunye ngokusebenzisa amakhemikhali iqanjwe ama-neurotransmitters. Zatholwa ngo-1921 ngu-Otto Loewi.
Ama-Neurotransmitters angaba:
- Ama-amino acid: ama-molecule ephilayo eyakhiwe yiqembu lama-amino neqembu le-carboxyl.
- AmaMonoamines: ama-molecule atholakala kuma-amino acid anephunga elimnandi.
- Ama-peptide: ama-molecule akhiwa inyunyana yama-amino acid amaningana, ngokusebenzisa izibopho ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngama-peptides.
Izibonelo zama-neurotransmitters
- I-Acetylcholine: ivuselela imisipha, ngokusebenzisa ama-motor neurons, ukufeza imisebenzi ejabulisayo noma yokuvimbela. Iphinde yenza imisebenzi ebuchosheni, ezindaweni ezihlotshaniswa nokunaka, ukuvusa, ukufunda nokukhumbula.
- I-Cholecystokinin: iqhaza ku umthethonqubo we-hormonal.
- UDopamine (monoamine): izilawuli ukunyakaza komzimba ngokuzithandela futhi ilawula nemizwa emnandi. Ifeza imisebenzi evimbelayo.
- Ama-Enkephalins (i-neuropeptide): umsebenzi wayo uyavimbela, usiza ukuvimba ubuhlungu.
- Ama-Endorphin (I-neuropeptide): inomphumela ofana nowama-opiates: ukunciphisa izinhlungu, ingcindezi nokusiza ukubuyisa ukuzola. Kwezinye izilwane, ziyazivumela ukuba zisebenzise ubusika, ngenxa yokwehla komzimba, izinga lokuphefumula kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
- I-Epinephrine (i-monoamine): itholakala ku-norepinephrine, isebenza njengenjabulo, ilawula ukugxila kwengqondo nokunakwa.
- GABA (I-Gamma Aminobutyric Acid) (i-amino acid): ukusebenza kwayo kuyakhubaza ngoba kunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-neuronal futhi ngale ndlela kugwema ukukhushulwa ngokweqile futhi ngenxa yalokho kunciphisa ukukhathazeka.
- I-Glutamate (i-amino acid): umsebenzi wayo uyajabulisa. Ihlotshaniswa nemisebenzi yokufunda neyememori.
- I-Wisteria (i-amino acid): umsebenzi wayo uyavimbela futhi yiwo ogcwele kakhulu entanjeni yomgogodla.
- Umlando (monoamine): ikakhulukazi imisebenzi ejabulisayo, ehlotshaniswa nemizwelo kanye nokulawulwa kwe- izinga lokushisa nebhalansi yamanzi.
- I-Norepinephrine (i-monoamine): umsebenzi wayo uyajabulisa, ulawula imizwa futhi uvuse ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Kukhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi.
- I-Serotonin (i-monoamine): umsebenzi wayo uyavimbela, uyangenelela kwimizwelo, imizwa nokukhathazeka. Ibamba iqhaza ekulawulweni kokulala, ukuvuka nokudla.
Ingakusebenzela: Izibonelo zeRiological Rhythms
