Izibonelo Zamagugu Amasiko - Encyclopedia

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Izibonelo zamanani amasiko

Incazelo ye- izindinganiso zamasiko Akulula ukusungula, ngoba ziyahlukahluka ngokwamasiko ehlukene akha ifa lesiko lesintu. Zingachazwa kabanzi njengeqoqo elingabonakali le- izimpahla (imibono, ukucatshangelwa kanye nemibono) lapho iqembu labantu likuthatha njengokufanele ukulwela nokulwela.

Lokhu akusho ukuthi ahunyushwe ngokuqinile ngokuziphatha okuthile, ngoba imvamisa angaphansi komkhakha wezinto ezifiselekayo noma umcabango, yingakho ubuciko bungumkhulumeli wala magugu. Amagugu amasiko womunye umphakathi avame ukuphikiswa nawomunye: bese kuba khona ukungqubuzana.

Akunasethi efanayo yamanani amasiko emphakathini owunikiwe: imvamisa kukhona iningi nabambalwa, amanani we-hegemonic kanye ne-marginal, womabili azuzwe njengefa futhi enza izinto ezintsha.

Futhi akumele badidaniswe nezindinganiso zenkolo nezokuziphatha: lezi ziyingxenye yamanani amasiko, okuyisigaba esikhulu.

Bhekafuthi: 35 Izibonelo Zamanani

Izibonelo zamanani amasiko

Ubuzwe. Imayelana nomuzwa ohlangene wokuba seqenjini lomuntu, imvamisa ekhonjwa ngegama elithile noma ubuzwe. Kwezinye izimo, lo moya ungabanjiswa nakwezinhlanga, izivumokholo noma uhlobo oluthile lombono owabiwe womhlaba.
Isiko. Leli yigama elinikezwe isethi yamasiko, ukubukwa komhlaba kanye nemikhuba yolimi neyenhlalo ezuzwe njengefa kuzizukulwane ezedlule futhi enikeza impendulo embuzweni wesihloko mayelana nemvelaphi yabo.
Inkolo nokufihla. Lokhu kubhekisa ezinhlotsheni zezingokomoya, ukuhlangana okungokomfanekiso nemikhuba yamasiko okuthi, noma ngabe izuzwe njengefa noma yafunda, ixhumana nendaba ngokuhlangenwe nakho komhlaba wezwe lasemhlabeni.
Imfundo. Ukuqoqwa kwabantu kubonga ukwakheka komuntu, kokubili kwezemfundo, kokuziphatha kanye nomphakathi, njengesifiso sokuthuthuka komuntu, okungukuthi, ekuthuthukiseni amathalente akhe namakhono akhe, kanye nokufuqwa kwemvelo yakhe.
Ukuthandana. Kubandakanya izibopho ezithintekayo: zothando noma ubungane, lapho kungakhiwa khona ubuhlobo bokusondelana okukhulu noma okuncane nabanye. Eziningi zalezi zinto ezithintekayo zakha, ngesilinganiso esikhulu, umuzwa womphakathi ohambisanayo.
Uzwela Lokhu kuchazwa njengamandla okuhlupheka ngenxa yabanye, okungukuthi, ukuzibeka ezicathulweni zabo: the Ngiyahlonipha, ubumbano, uzwelo kanye nezinye izimfanelo izinhlobo eziningi zenkolo ezizithatha njengeziyalelwe nguNkulunkulu, futhi ezithuthukisa amalungelo endawo wonke omuntu nezinhlobo zokuhlonipha umphakathi.
Ubuntwana. Ezikhathini zangaphambi kwekhulu lama-20, izingane zazithathwa njengabantu abancane futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwazo kuzinto ezikhiqizayo kwakulindelekile. Ukucatshangelwa kobuntwana njengesigaba sempilo okumele kuvikelwe futhi kunakekelwe kuyinani lamasiko ncamashi.
Ukushisekela izwe. I-Patriotism imele umuzwa ophakeme womsebenzi obhekiswe kuwo wonke umphakathi lapho umuntu ekuyo futhi unamathele ngokujulile ezindinganisweni zendabuko eziyigcinayo. Kuyindlela ephakeme yokwethembeka okuhlangene.
Ukuthula. Ukuvumelana njengesimo esifanele semiphakathi kuyigugu elifunwa yizinhlangano zabantu, yize umlando wethu ubonakala ukhombisa ngqo okuphambene nalokho.
Ubuciko. Njengokucwaningwa okukhona kokuzijula okujulile noma amafilosofi omuntu, izinhlobo zobuciko zingamagugu amasiko akhuthazwa futhi avikelwe yimiphakathi futhi agcinwe kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye.
Imemori. Inkumbulo ehlangene neyodwa yezihloko ingenye yezindinganiso ezivikeleke kakhulu, zombili ngobuciko nangomlando noma umsebenzi wezepolitiki ezinhlakeni ezahlukahlukene. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuphela kwendlela yokudlula ekufeni: ukukhunjulwa noma ukukhumbula okwenzekile.
Intuthuko. Elinye lamagugu amasiko abuzwa kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ngoba egameni lawo kwaqaliswa izimfundiso zezepolitiki, ezomnotho nezenhlalo ezaholela ekungalingani. Kubandakanya umqondo wokuqongelela (kolwazi, wamandla, wezimpahla) njengendlela yokuthuthuka kancane kancane kwemiphakathi yabantu.
Ukugcwaliseka komuntu siqu. Kuyisilinganiso sempumelelo (ngobungcweti, ngokomzwelo, njll.) Lapho umphakathi ulinganisela ukusebenza okuhlukile kwabantu bawo, ukuvumela ukuthi kwehlukaniswe phakathi kwabantu abayizibonelo kanye nalabo abasolayo. Inkinga kuba lapho izindlela zabo zingenabulungiswa noma zingafinyeleleki.
Ubuhle. Ukuhlangana okuhlelekile, ukungakhethi kanye nokuhlukile imvamisa kuyizinto zobuhle, inani lokushintshana elingokomlando eliphathelene nezinkulumo zobuhle: ubuciko, imfashini, umfanekiso womzimba wezihloko.
Inkampani. Njengezilwane ezihlanganyelayo esiyikho, abantu ngokwamasiko bayakwazisa ukuba khona kwabanye, noma ngabe kusho ukungqubuzana. Isizungu sivame ukuhlanganiswa nokuzidela noma izindlela zokujeziswa emphakathini, njengokukhishwa inyumbazane noma ukuboshwa.
Ubulungiswa. I- ukulingana, ukuhlakanipha nobulungiswa kuyizimiso ezibalulekile ekwakheni imiphakathi yabantu futhi kuyitshe legumbi lempucuko. Ukwakhiwa komthethonqubo womthetho ofanayo kusungulwa embonweni ohlangene wokuthi yini okulungile nokungalungile (futhi ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukungabi nabulungisa).
Iqiniso. Ukulunga kwemibono nezinto kubizwa ngeqiniso, futhi kuyigugu eligcinwe yonke imiphakathi yabantu njengesimiso sokuxoxisana phakathi kwabantu ngabanye.
Ukuqina. Yikhono lokuthola amandla ebuthakathakeni, ukuguqula ukwehlulwa kube ukukhula futhi ululame ekushayweni: okungakubulali, kukwenza uqine.
Inkululeko. Elinye lamagugu aphakeme esintu, omgomo wawo uyinkululeko yokuzikhethela engenakuphikwa futhi engaxoxiswane yabantu, phezu kwemizimba yabo nempahla yabo.
Ukulingana. Ngokuhambisana nenkululeko nobuzalwane, kungenye yezindinganiso ezintathu ezamenyezelwa ngesikhathi seFrance Revolution phakathi kuka-1789-1799, futhi kusungula inani elifanayo lamathuba wawo wonke amadoda kungakhathalekile ukuthi avelaphi, inkolo noma ubulili. (Buka: ukucwasa)