-Delile
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-dialect (noma izilimi) yizisho ezithile noma izisho ezikhomba amaqembu ahlukene wezikhulumi zolimi, ngaphandle kokubuza ubunye bezilimi zolimi lwabo. Ngokwesibonelo: UMfula Plate, Ephakathi kweMelika, eRiojan.
Cishe zonke izilimi zethulwe njengezinhlanganisela ezinkulu zezinhlobo zezilimi, ezixhumene nokwehluka ngokwendawo namasiko abantu abasebenzisa lezi zilimi. Izigodi, ke, yizinhlobonhlobo zezifunda noma izindlela lapho kuvezwa khona ulimi.
Zingaba ziningi, ikakhulukazi ezilimini ezinjengeSpanishi, ezikhulunywa ezindaweni ezinkulu nezikude kakhulu zomhlaba. Kulolu limi, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kweSpanish yaseMelika naleyo yaseSpain, kepha futhi kunezinhlobonhlobo zezilimi ezahlukahlukene ezikhona ngaphakathi kweSpain uqobo kanye naseMelika.
Okufanayo kwenzeka ngolimi lwesiMandarin Chinese (oluvame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'isiShayina' futhi lukhulunywa ngabantu abangaphansi kwezigidi ezingama-836), okubandakanya iSandand Mandarin (ekhulunywa eBeijing) nezinye izilimi ezikhulunywa kwezinye izifunda, njengeYángzhōu, Xī'ān, iChéngdū kanye neLíngbǎo.
Ezinye izimbangela zokuzalwa kokuhlukahluka kolimi yithonya abantu abangaba nalo engxenyeni yesizinda sezilimi nokuhlukaniswa kwendawo okuvame ukuveza ukuvela okuhlukile.
Ochwepheshe bejografi yezilimi yibo abahlaziya lezi zinqubo. Akubhekwa njengomsebenzi olula ukubeka imikhawulo yalezi zinhlobonhlobo, ngoba izimo zolimi ezichaza imininingwane yolimi ngalunye zinwebekile futhi, kaningi, azihlukile kakhulu kwezinye zemvelaphi efanayo.
Ezinye izinhlobo zolimi yilezi:
- Okuhlukanisiwe (noma ulimi lwesigodi). Ihlobene nemingcele yezenhlalo noma amazinga olimi (okuhlukahlukene kolimi olunamasiko, oluhlangene nolunenhlamba), nakho okuxhumene nengxenye yesikhulumi senhlalo nomphakathi.
- UDiaphase (noma ukusebenza). Hlaziya ukusetshenziswa kolimi ezimeni ezehlukene ezizungeze isenzo sokuxhumana.
Ingakusebenzela:
- Isichazamazwi sesiFunda kanye nesichazamazwi sokukhiqiza
- Izindawo (ezivela emazweni ahlukene)
Izibonelo zezinhlobo zezilimi
Izibonelo zokuqala eziyisishiyagalombili ezingezansi zihambelana nezifunda ezahlukahlukene ze- Inhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, ezinhlanu ezilandelayo izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze- ISpanishi kukhulunywa eMelika; ayisikhombisa okugcina ayizigodi zolimi ze IsiNtaliyane kukhulunywa ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zase-Italy:
- I-Navarrese
- I-Riojano
- I-Extremeño
- UMurciano
- I-Andalusian
- ICanary
- UManchego
- Isi-Aragonese
- I-Rioplatense
- I-Caribbean
- I-Central America
- I-Andean
- Ama-Amazonian
- I-Piedmontese
- UFriulan
- I-Tuscan
- I-Romanesco
- Umbro
- I-Calabrian
- UCampano
- Bona izibonelo eziningi ku: Izibonelo zezilimi
