20 Izibonelo Zamadivayisi Esitoreji - Encyclopedia

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Izibonelo zamadivayisi wesitoreji
Landela nge:

I-amadivayisi wesitoreji Idatha yizinto zesistimu yekhompyutha enendima yokudlulisa noma yokubuyisa imininingwane yedijithali (Qopha futhi funda) kuzinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene zomzimba ezenzelwe yona.

Akufanele badidaniswe ne indawo yokugcina idatha noma indawo yokugcina idatha, amagama abhekisa ngqo emotweni ebonakalayo yolwazi, noma ngabe iphethwe yikhompyutha noma ngedivayisi yolunye uhlobo.

Amadivayisi wokugcina idatha angaba:

Okuyinhloko: Lokho kudingekile ekusebenzeni kohlelo njengoba kuqukethe imethadatha ebalulekile ukuqala OS.
Okwesibili: Lezo zesekeli, ezisuswayo noma cha, lapho kungenzeka khona ukufaka nokukhipha idatha kusuka nakuhlelo.

Bangakukhonza:

Izibonelo zamapheripherali (nomsebenzi wazo)
Izibonelo Zamadivayisi Wokufaka
Izibonelo Zamadivayisi Okukhipha
Izibonelo zemiphetho exubile

Izibonelo zamadivayisi wesitoreji

I-RAM:Isifinyezo se Imemori Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe (Random Access Memory), iyinkambu yokugcina esetshenziswa njengendawo yokusebenza kuma-computer system, njengoba iqukethe yonke imiyalo ye-processor kanye nemiyalo eminingi ye-processor. isoftware. Ukucisha noma ukuqala kabusha isistimu kusula konke okuqukethwe kwayo.
Imemori ye-ROM:Isifinyezo se Imemori Yokufunda Kuphela (Imemori efundwayo kuphela), indawo yokugcina equkethe idatha okunzima (noma engenakwenzeka) ukuyiguqula, ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okuyisisekelo kohlelo lwekhompyutha nohlelo lwayo oluyinhloko lokusebenza.
Amakhasethi we-Magnetic tape (DAT):Lezi izinhlelo zokuqopha nokufunda imininingwane yedijithali yomsindo, ephatha amadivayisi amancane noma amakhasethi epulasitiki ane-magnetic tape ngaphakathi, asebenza ngokufana nabazala babo be-analog.
Amadivayisi we-Digital Magnetic Tape (DDS):Kususelwe kuzinhlelo ze-DAT, zingamayunithi wokuphathwa kolwazi edijithali nasekhompyutheni avela kutheyipu kazibuthe, ngokude okufana nefomethi ye-VHS.
Ukushayela kwe-floppy okungu-3½ (akusasebenzi):Ukuvela kwe-floppy disk drive, la madrayivu asebenzise amadiski e-floppy aqinile futhi aqinile, anomthamo ophakeme (1.44 MB).

Ama-Hard Disk Drives:Yaziwa njenge-HDD (Isichasiselo se- IHard Disk Drayivu), amayunithi anesitoreji esikhulu kakhulu kunama-disc optical nezinkumbulo, kepha imvamisa atholakala ngaphakathi kwe-CPU futhi awasuseki. Yingakho ngokuvamile ziqukethe imininingwane yohlelo lokusebenza nokuqukethwe kwamafayela kanye nesoftware yekhompyutha ngokuphelele.
AmaDrayivu Aphathekayo Aphathekayo:Uhlobo olususekayo nolwangaphandle lwe-hard disk, baxhuma kwikhompyutha ngamachweba ayo e-I / O futhi babamba imininingwane eminingi.
Ukushayela kwe-CD-ROM:Izichasiso ze Imemori ye-Compact Disc Read-Only (ICompact Disk Read Only Memory), amadivaysi okufunda enziwe kuphela ngo-1985 futhi asebenza ngokususelwa kugongolo lwe-laser, olukhonjiswe kushidi ngaphakathi kwediski, lunikeza ikhompyutha isethi yamasignali kanambambili avela emathafeni nasemifantwini yawo.
Ukushayela kwe-CD-R / RW:Ngokufana ne-CD-ROM, lawa madrayivu avumeli ukufundwa kuphela kepha nokubhala okuyingxenye noma okucacile kwama-compact optical discs, kwezinye izimo okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwawo futhi.
Amashayela we-DVD-ROM:Izichasiso ze Idiski Esebenzisana Nezinombolo (IDigital Versatile Disc), isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-CD, okungukuthi, iqoshwa kanye kuphela futhi ingafundwa kaningi, kepha ngomehluko ukuthi isekela kuze kube kasikhombisa umthwalo wolwazi walezi zakhiwo.
Ukushayela kwe-DVD-R / RW:Lawa ngama-DVD disc burn and rewriting drives, avumela kufika ku-4.7 Gigabytes yolwazi ukuthi abhalelwe wona.
Amayunithi we-Blue Ray:Leli yigama elinikezwe ifomethi ye-disc yesizukulwane esisha, enikezwe umthamo omkhulu wokugcina nekhwalithi yokufunda, ngoba i-laser esetshenziselwe lokhu kufundwa iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhundleni sobomvu bendabuko. Isekela kufika kuma-Gigabyte angama-33.4 ngqimba ngayinye yokurekhoda.
Amayunithi we-Zip:Yethulwe emakethe maphakathi nawo-1990, ama-ZIP drives asebenza kusuka kuma-disks amakhulu kazibuthe, kusuka amayunithi okuphathelene nomngcele. Zathathelwa indawo yizinkumbulo ze-flash.

Ama-Flash Memory Drives:Ixhunywe kwimishini nge-USB noma ngeFirewire, laba bafundi bavumela ukusekelwa kolwazi ngefomethi ephathekayo ehambisana namakhamera edijithali nama-ajenda kagesi.
Amayunithi wekhadi lememori:Njengememori ye-flash (ngokusobala ifomu layo), amadivayisi wememori ephathekayo noma amakhadi ememori avumela ukuphathwa okukhulu kolwazi ngamachweba e-USB. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamamodeli, ezaziwa ngokuthi Shayela peni ngoba abanye banokusebenziseka kwepeni lebhola.
I-Punch Card Unit (Ayisebenzi)Lobu buchwepheshe babuqukethe izinhlelo zokufunda ulwazi kusuka kumakhadibhodi enziwe imbobo endaweni ethile, ukuvumela ukufundwa okubonakalayo kwekhodi kanambambili: imbobo imele inani elilodwa (1), ngaphandle komgodi umele elinye (0).
I-Tape Drive Ehlanganisiwe (Ayisebenzi)Ngokufana namakhadi we-punch asetshenziswayo, bekuyizinyathelo zabo eziya phambili, beguqula amakhadi amakhadibhodi abe yiteyipu yokufundisa ende, avumela imininingwane eminingi ukuthi iphathwe.
Imigqomo kazibuthe (ayisasebenzi):Enye yezinhlobo zokuqala zememori yamakhompiyutha, eyasungulwa ngo-1932, yagcina imininingwane ezingxenyeni ze-iron oxide ngokusebenzisa izinsimbi ezijikelezayo okuthi, nakuba zingenakususwa, zivumele imininingwane ukuba itholakale ngesivinini esikhulu.
Isitoreji samafu:Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokugcina eziku-inthanethi kanye nesivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha okuphezulu kwi-Intanethi kwenze ukuthi kube lula ukusisebenzisa njengesixhobo sokufunda nokubhala, ngakho-ke abaningi bafaka amafayela abo "efwini" kunasemithonjeni yezokuxhumana.