-Delile
I- ubulili kanye ne- inombolo Yizimfanelo ezimbili ezifanele emabizweni, nasekuguquleni amabizo njenge-athikili, izichasiso, ukubamba iqhaza, kanye nezabizwana.
- Ubulili bungaba ngowesifazane (ekhaya) noma owesilisa (isihlahla).
- Inombolo ingaba yinye (imbalinoma ubuningi (izimbali).
Ubulili
Ubulili yisici esinikeza igama isimo sesifazane noma sowesilisa. Ngokuvamile, kuzoba ngowesifazane uma uphela ngo-A nowesilisa lapho uphela ku-O, kepha kukhona okuhlukile okuningana.
Futhi, ngokwemigomo ejwayelekile, uchungechunge lwemithetho lubhekwa njengokuhlonza amagama abesilisa nabesifazane:
- Izinombolo zibizwa ngendlela yesilisa. Isibonelo: ishumi nesithupha, ishumi nambili, isithathu.
- Imifula, izintaba, izintaba-mlilo noma iziteshi kuvame ukubizwa ngendlela yesilisa. Isibonelo: el Seine, iSinayi.
- Izinyanga nezinsuku zesonto zibizwa ngokuthi yindoda. Ngokwesibonelo: NgoLwesine, ngoFebhuwari olandelayo.
- Izinhlamvu zibizwa ngendlela yesifazane. Ngokwesibonelo: izembe, libone.
- Amanothi omculo abizwa ngendlela yesilisa. Ngokwesibonelo: ilanga, i-fa eqhubekayo.
- Amaphuzu wekhadinali abizwa ngobudoda. Ngokwesibonelo: empumalanga, enyakatho-ntshonalanga.
- Isayensi nemikhakha kuthiwa yibesifazane. Ngokwesibonelo: biology, umuthi.
- Omagazini namaphephandaba babizwa ngobudoda. Isibonelo: el Clarín, iWashington Post.
Ngamazwi angenziwa owesilisa noma owesifazane, kufanele sinake:
- Lapho ubulili obubili buvuma amafomu amabili. Lokhu kunjalo ngamagama wesilisa agcina ku-O nakwabesifazane ku-A (umklami / umakhi), owesilisa ku-E nowesifazane e -INA (iqhawe / iqhawekazi), owesilisa ku-O noma u-E nowesifazane ku -ESA (i-vampire / i-vamp, umbusi / duchess).
- Lapho abesilisa ababili bevuma ifomu elilodwa. Amagama angandulelwa i-athikili yobudoda noma yesifazane ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa incazelo yizibonelo zaleli cala. Ngokwesibonelo: guru, udokotela wamazinyo, umfundi.
- Lapho igama lingashintshiwe. Kusetshenziswa igama elifanayo ukubhekisa kowesilisa noma kowesifazane. Ngokwesibonelo: umuntu (Kungabhekisa kowesilisa noma kowesifazane).
Bhekafuthi:
- Amabizo abesilisa nabesifazane
- Izichasiso zesilisa nezesifazane
Inombolo
Inombolo yohlelo lolimi yisimo esihlukanisa ubunye nobuningi. Ngokungafani nobulili, ukwahlukana okubukhali kakhulu futhi okubonakalayo, ngoba inani lezinto ezikhethiwe lizohlala libonakala: inombolo izoba yinye uma iqoka iyunithi eyodwa, noma ubuningi uma ichaza iyunithi engaphezu kweyodwa.
Ngaphezu kokufaka kumabizo neziguquli zamabizo, inombolo isebenza ezenzweni.
Ubuningi bakheka kanjani?
- Amagama agcina ngonkamisa. Kungezwe uS wokugcina. Ngokwesibonelo: Inja yenjas, isibani / isibanis.
- Amagama agcina ku-I noma ku-U. Kuphela -es. Ngokwesibonelo: ombú / ombúIkona, imenenja / imanaquinIkona.
- Amagama agcina ngo-S noma u-X. Zihlala zinjalo. Ngokwesibonelo: ngolwesithathus / NgoLwesithathus, ukubolas, izimbotshanas.
- Amagama agcina ngo-Y (okuzwakala sengathi ngi). Bagcina i-Y kepha kuyezwakala njenge-LL. Ngokwesibonelo: kabushafuthi / reFuthi kunjalo, buSawubona / bueFuthi kunjalo.
- Amagama agcina ku-Z. Shintsha u-Z ube ngu-C bese ufaka ama-add. Ngokwesibonelo: i-arroz / arroces, isibz / peces.
Bhekafuthi:
- Amagama awodwa
- Amabizo ngobunye nobuningi
Ukuvumelanisa ngobulili nenombolo
Amagama anobulili nenombolo ethile amabizo, futhi nawo wonke ama-modifiers. Isimo sokuqala sama-modifiers maqondana namabizo abo ukuthi kufanele ahambisane nobulili nenombolo, esimeni sohlelo olubizwa nge- "concordance". Ngokwesibonelo: ihembe elimhlophe / igumbi elikhulu.
