-Delile
I- ukuncibilika yi- ikhono lomzimba noma into (solute) ukuncibilika endaweni ethile (i-solvent).
Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukukhomba inani eliphakeme le-solute eshiwo ukuthi i-solvent ingathola ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa (okuqinile) kanye nengcindezi (amagesi). Kulokhu kuvezwa ngamayunithi wokuhlushwa, afana ne-molarity, njll.
Ukuncibilika hhayi isici sendawo yonke sazo zonke izintoNgakho-ke abanye bancibilika kangcono kokunye kanti abanye abamane bancibilikise kokunye - amanzi, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-solvent jikelele, awakwazi ukuncibilikisa uwoyela ngokuphelele, ngokwesibonelo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuguqula izinga lokushisa kanye / noma ingcindezi lapho a ingxube, noma ukufaka ezinye izinto (iziphikisi) ethile, imishado yokuqhekeka ehluke ngokuphelele kungenzeka.
Isici esichazwe ngenhla sokuncibilika kwezinto ezimbili sincike, ezingeni lamangqamuzana, yamandla okusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlayiya zawo ezahlukahlukene (ubumbano) kanye nobunjalo bezinto. Ngakho-ke kuthiwa "njengokuncibilika okufana."
Ekugcineni, uma isinyibilikisi singasakwazi ukubekezelela i-solute, utshelwa ukuthi unguye igcwele; kepha uma bethola imibandela ethile kungenzeka ukuthi bandise ubukhona babo nangaphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela iba nenhlanganisela ukhuluphele ngokweqile.
Ingakusebenzela: Izibonelo ze-Solute ne-Solvent
Izibonelo zokuncibilika
- Usawoti (i-sodium chloride) emanzini. Usawoti ovamile uvame ukuncibilika emanzini, ngokwesilinganiso esingu-360 g / l, inqobo nje uma uku-20 ° C. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ama-gramu angama-360 kasawoti angancibilika kwilitha elilodwa lamanzi kulelo zinga lokushisa.. Uma sandisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi, leli nani likasawoti lizokhula.
- Iziphuzo ezi-fizzy. Ama-sodas asemathinini noma amabhodlela anenani eliphakeme lesikhutha (CO2) loncibilika ngaphakathi, okubanikeza ukubhoboka kwesici. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokususa ingxube ngaphansi kwezimo zengcindezi ephezulu kakhulu.. Ngokuphikisana nesibonelo sangaphambilini, ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa lale ngxube kuyenza ingabi namandla futhi kukhiphe amagesi amaningi, ngaleyo ndlela kwehle izinga lokuncibilika.
- Izixazululo nge-iodine. Izixazululo eziningi ezisebenzisa iodine (njengalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanxeba angenhla) abakwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi ekuzilungiseleleni kwabo, ngoba i-iodine ayincibiliki emanzini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokusebenzisa utshwala, izinga lokuncibilika liyathuthuka futhi kungenzeka kukhiqizwe ingxube.
- Ikhofi elinobisi. Ukuthatha njengesibonelo ikhofi nobisi, lapho okwesibili kungezwa kwelokuqala, sizokubona lokho izinga lokuncibilika kobisi ekhofi liyakhuphuka uma sandisa izinga lokushisa, kuyilapho silinda izinto zipholile, ngokuqinisekile sizobona ukwakheka kwezigaxa noma ukhilimu ngaphezulu, ubufakazi bokuthi isisombululo sesigcwele ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Oxygen egazini. Sonke siyazi ukuthi sidinga umoya-mpilo ophilayo ukuze siphile, nokuthi le nto iyigesi. Noma kunjalo, le nto ihanjiswa egazini lethu iye ezicutshini ezahlukahlukene eziyidingayo, futhi lokhu kwenziwa ngesisombululo, esivunyelwe yizinto ezifana ne-hemoglobin. Abantu abanobukhona obukhulu bale nkompiyutha egazini bangancibilikisa igesi ethe xaxa egazini kunabanye abantu, ngaleyo ndlela bakwazi ukuba nezicubu ezine-oxygen..
- Chaza i-ethanol ku-benzene nasemanzini. Icala elifuna ukwazi: yize i-benzene i-polar namanzi engeyona i-polar, i-ethanol ingahlakazeka kuzo zombili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inezingxenye ze-hydrocarbon ezenza zifane ne-benzene (i-hydrocarbon) futhi ngasikhathi sinye ineqembu le-hydroxyl (-OH) elingasungula ama-hydrogen bond ngamanzi.
- Amagesi asemkhathini. Amagesi amaningi esiwakhiphela nsuku zonke emkhathini awancibiliki emoyeni, avamise ukuwasusa futhi athathe indawo yawo. Noma kunjalo, lapho iphakama emkhathini futhi ihlukahluka ingcindezi ebhekiswe kuyo, lesi simo siyahlukahluka futhi ingxube ekugcineni ikhiqizwa, kwesinye isikhathi okungumthombo obalulekile we ukungcoliswa kwemvelo (njengokucekelwa phansi koqweqwe lwe-ozone).
- Ukupenda kukawoyela nokuncipha (mncane). Ama-thinner wepende kawoyela angamakhemikhali awuketshezi atholakala ku- Uphethiloli, ukwakheka kwe-hydrocarbon okuvumela ukuncibilikisa izingqimba zepende yoqweqwe lwawo, uwoyela noma igrisi, efanayo ekubunjweni nasekubumbeni.
- AmaNitrate (NO3) emanzini. Zonke izinto ezenziwe ngama-nitrate (amaqembu wamangqamuzana we-nitrogen ne-oxygen) ancibilika ngokuphelele emanzini. Lokhu kuqinisekiswe kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze- ukungcoliswa kwamanzi ngumkhakha wamakhemikhali noma i-agro-fertilizer, udoti wayo, ocebile nge-nitrogen, oya olwandle nasemifuleni, lapho incibilika kalula futhi yehlise izinga lempilo yamanje.
- Amapulasitiki e-acetone. Ama-plastiki avame ukuncibilika ngephutha ku-acetone, njengoba kungaba njalo ngamalensi nezinye izesekeli ezivezwe ngephutha kusikhiphi se-nail; lokhu kungenxa yokuthi banomthethosisekelo ofanayo wamangqamuzana (organic). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ipulasitiki noma i-acetone ayincibiliki emanzini, ngoba ayihlanganyeli nobumbano.
Ingakusebenzela: Izibonelo Zezisombululo
