I- umkhakha kuyinto umsebenzi wezomnotho oguqula izinto zokusetshenziswa zibe yimikhiqizo yabathengi. Ukwenza lokhu, isebenzisa amandla, imithombo yabantu kanye nemishini ethile. Ukuthola konke lokhu, utshalomali olukhulu kanye nokuba khona kwemakethe evumela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eyenziwe.
Imboni ngeka- “Umkhakha wesibili”Emnothweni, ohlukile emkhakheni oyinhloko, othatha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezintweni zemvelo (ezolimo, imfuyo, ukudoba, izimayini, njll.) Nasemkhakheni wezemfundo ephakeme ohlinzeka ngezinsizakalo. Kodwa-ke, le mikhakha emithathu ihlobene kakhulu. Njengamanje, eminye imisebenzi yezomnotho engaphansi komkhakha wesithathu nayo ibhekwa njengezimboni.
Bhekafuthi: Izibonelo Zempahla Yomthengi
Ngekhulu le-18 eNgilandi "i-Industrial Revolution" yathuthuka, uchungechunge lwezinguquko ekukhiqizeni olwaphenduka kancane kancane ingxenye enkulu yamazwe omhlaba yaba yimiphakathi yezimboni. Umphakathi wezimboni ubonakala ngokuthuthuka kwamadolobha: inani labantu emadolobheni. Zisendaweni efanayo zokukhiqiza (amafektri atholakala noma azungezile) nezikhungo zokusetshenziswa.
Ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha nokuvela kwamafemu, emiphakathini yezimboni sithola inhlangano kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwabasebenzi okuvumela ukukhiqizwa okwandayo, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe ukufaka esikhundleni noma ukugcwalisa umsebenzi wezandla nokwakhiwa kwenhlangano umkhakha owawungekho emiphakathini ngaphambi kweNguquko Yezimboni: abahola imiholo.
Ngokuya ngesikhundla sabo kuhlelo lokukhiqiza, izimboni zingaba eziyisisekelo, imishini noma umthengi.
- Izimboni eziyisisekelo, njengoba igama lazo lisho, ziyisisekelo sokuthuthuka kwezinye izimboni, ngoba imikhiqizo eziyenzayo zisetshenziswa ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zezimboni.
- Izimboni zezinsiza kusebenza yilezo ezakha imishini ehlomisa izinhlobo ezintathu zemboni.
- Izimboni zabathengi zikhiqiza izimpahla ezingasetshenziswa ngqo ngabantu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimboni zingahlukaniswa phakathi kokusindayo nokulula, kuya ngesisindo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo abazisebenzisayo. Lezi zigaba ezimbili ziyahlangana. I- izimboni ezisindayo imvamisa isisekelo neqembu, kuyilapho ifayela le- umkhakha okhanyayo (obizwa nangokuthi uguquko) imvamisa umthengi.
- Umkhakha wensimbi nensimbi
- Insimbi
- Usimende
- I-Chemistry
- I-Petrochemistry
- Izithuthi
- Inkampani yokuthumela izinto
- Ojantshi
- Isikhali
- Izindwangu
- Iphepha
- I-Aeronautics
- Izimayini
- Ukudla
- Izindwangu
